COPD

Question 1

COPD

Answer 1

chronic obstruction pulmonary disease

• obstruction to expiration

Question 2

Causes of COPD

Answer 2

SMOKING
Environment of work
exsposure to lung irritants

Question 3

pathology of COPD

Answer 3

within airway- secretions such as mucus,

in airway wall- thickening, bronchoconsriction -, swelling

outside airway- reduced stability in the airway causing it to collapse

Question 4

consequences of COPD

Answer 4

gas trapping- air stuck in alveoli because of loss of elastic recoil

hyperinflation - a permenant decrease in lung volume

respartory muscle dysfunction- decrease use

increased work of breathing -

Question 5

emphysema

Answer 5

enlargement of airspaces with destrution of alveolar walls

Question 6

pathology of emphysema

Answer 6

thin and strophied airways and loss of alveolar walls and destruction of the capilary bed

Question 7

chronic bronchoitis

Answer 7

productive cough
because mucus gland htpertrophy
cillary dysfunction
chronic inflammation and airway edema

Question 8

asthma

Answer 8

hyper-responsive of airways to stimuli causing inflammation and bronchoconstriction

Question 9

further impairments with COPD due to restructure

Answer 9

gas movement problems- can’t get air in

secretion movement problems

ineffective coughing- because expiratory flow limitation can’t take deep enough breath to cough out

-narrowed airways/ increased resistance

Question 10

compromised muscle pump is

Answer 10

muscle fatigue of respiratory muscles

reduced alveolar ventilation

chronic CO2 retention- chemoreceptors less sensitive

Question 11

COPD S+S

Answer 11

SOOB= Dyspnoea
Cough
Sputum
Abnormal breagthing pattern
hyperinflation

Question 12

COPD S+S Abnormal breathing pattern

Answer 12

Accessory muscles being used
Paradoxical breathing- (hover sign) rib cage and abdomen pulled inward
Pursed lips breathing- create back pressure to keep airways from collapsing

Question 13

COPD S+S hyperinflation

Answer 13

physical signs- barrel chest= increase AP

X-ray= flat diaphragm/ wide intercostal spaces

increased RV/ FRC/ TLC

Question 14

Auscltation S=S COPD

Answer 14

wheezing caused by bronchoconstriction

coarse crackle- muscus in lungs

reduced breath sounds= destruction of lung tissue

Question 15

Spirometry S+S COPD

Answer 15

decreased FEV1 low ratio

Question 16

BG + O2 sat S+S OPD

Answer 16

Decreased O2
Decrease sat
raised in Co2

Question 17

role of physiotherapy goal

Answer 17

optimize function and prevent deteroration and improve quality of life

Question 18

core stratregies for physio

Answer 18

risk reduction- education about smoking

exercise and physical activity

pharmacology- bronchodilators

Question 19

physiotherapy intervetnion COPD

Answer 19

exercise prescription
appropriate airway clearence techinques
oxygen therapy titration
patient education