LHR - DME
09R BPK dept
030/5 200m O/002
8/7 1019
LVO
PILOT A
ENG FAIL R - (100kts)
ENG SEV DAMAGE L (1300’)
HYD L FAIL (flaps up)
Div LHR
PILOT B
ENG FAIL R (RTO)
TYRE FAIL (ROTATE)
FUEL LEAK 200kg/min
Div LHR/LGW
Medical Scenario
Getting going on a rotten day…
What would your dispatch brief focus on?
- USE QRH OI - are we/ A/C capable
- WX going to - improve or deteriorate
- NOTAMS - what is the AD capable of
- T/O Alternate - where are we sure to get in, nominate one and make a plan - hold at XXX, CX, return
- DEPARTURE delays - increase taxi fuel
- PEDs off for departure - CREW to ensure
Getting going on a rotten day…
How would your fuel decision be influenced by ….
- AWOPS Dept?
- AWOPS Arrival?
DEPARTURE
How long is the flight - if CWD then perhaps add fuel for holding and CX following failure, if long flight - not much of an issue.
ARRIVAL
Enough for extended hold and to manage any diversion due to deterioration of WX, AD or A/C servicability.
Getting going on a rotten day…
What would the A/C brief focus on?
WX
- 200m -8/-9℃
- Single Engine Start
- EAI on after start
- Run up on Taxi Out 20% TPR 30secs if no T/O within 60mins - manual deice ie.RTS
- Static runway runup 50-55% N1 2 secs (reduce Xwind limit by 5Kts if thrust >20% TPR at brake release)
- 20% TPR is about 45% N1
LVO - Use QRH OI section
- T/O Alternate - which AD have we nominated - update on it’s WX - how would we get there - eg. EGCC - no autoland failure, route to MCT to hold after failure.
- PED off for PAX
- HUD TOGA - ‘what do we need? 75/75/75’
- Slow taxi and sterile flight deck
- Identification of RWY and markings (2 yellow lines taxiway side and and 2 dotted lines rwy side)
- Number of lights - 4
- Stopping - RTO differences
- Importance of being calm and methodical
- Sterile Flight deck, maintain SA
Getting going on a rotten day…
How about the the T/O brief update?
Wait until you are at your planned intersection or better.
Reminder of how many lights we’re looking for.
Non Normal Management
How do we prioritise our initial actions?
It’s just gone BANG or an EICAS has appeared…
ANC
Aviate
- FMAs
- A/P A/T FDs FPV Pitch/Pwr
Navigate
- SID - can we continue on it and will we make the levels/speeds
- ETP - What is the next event ie. when do we turn
- Climb/Desent or Maintain Level
- WX or Terrain
Communicate
- ATC - help us get to where we need to be
- Cabin Crew - this is what is happening and what we need from you.
- PA - this is what is happening - listen to your crew
Non Normal Management
After we have ANC’d what next?
Using EICAS as a guide …
Which ECL first?
Complete selected Non Normal Memory items, then open ECL for reference items - recall EICAS and review.
Move on to next appropriate ECL until all done or accounted for - ie. Eng Failure CX may be OVERRIDDEN if SEV DAMG CX already completed and it’s turned white
Complete Normal CX - eg. Aft T/O CX
Review EICAS confirm all accounted for and clear.
Non Normal Management
How could you ensure PF is fully involved?
Depending on workload…
Severity Scale - how severe is this issue 1-10, 10 highest
Get them to confirm actions when necessary.
Set landing speeds eg. Plan Flap 20 Vref20
Ask them to run OPT
Discuss ramifications of actions eg. Do we need to dump fuel, how far shall we go on this SID.
Ask OPEN questions.. tell me why we wouldn’t return to LHR?
What options do we have?
Non Normal Management
What might be signs of high workload in your colleague?
How do you let your colleague know your workload is high?
Quiet
Not answering questions fully
Overly focused on single task eg. OPT when flying
Recognise it in yourself, are you talking too mush? being methodical, could you offload any tasks?
Tell him/her
Problem Solving and decision making
1.Why do we add a T to DODAR?
2.Give examples of where DODAR may not be the best tool?
- Time available to make decision / to resolve issue.
- could be fuel, medical, system related
- can we make more time?
- helps start the DM process ie. may have 50t of fuel but a cabin fire, so fire is the priority. - Other tools may be more useful especially when TDODAR is long winded eg. BRAN could sometimes be more appropriate ie. cabin issue or defect after dispatch or something that has to be decided upon quickly
Problem Solving and decision making
SA - diagnosis - decision making relationship
Good SA = Good Diagnosis = Good decision making
Using the appropriate amount of detail
Problem Solving and decision making
How do you drive option generation?
Open questions
- What do you think has occurred
- On a scale of 1-10 how urgent is this issue
- How long do you think we have
- Why would we not return to LHR
Problem Solving and decision making
Intuitive decision making from previous experience.
Weaknesses
Strengths
What part could a review take?
Weaknesses
- What if previous decision was unwittingly sub optimal
- Risk of pattern matching and making the problem fit a solution
- Need to take your buddy along as he/she may not have had the same experience
Strengths
- Bypasses the need for lengthy diagnosis
- Faster decision making
Review
- Essential to ensure that you’ve not headed off down a rabbit warren
- Can always adjust the plan to suit new circumstances
- Make sure your buddy is onboard and listen to their concerns.
Communications
How would you communicate with the SCCM and PAX in these situations…
RTO ENG Fire
ENG FAIL FUEL DUMPING
MED DIV IMMEDIATE RETURN
Cabin
Standard PA’s eg. ACAS
Alert Call and NITS
Medical - be led by medlink - conference call
PAX
Advise awareness of problem
Describe non technically, the plan
Emphasise that all under control
What to expect after landing ie. fire services
Communications
How would you communicate with ATC in these situations…
- FUEL DUMP 40t
- INBOUND LHR - medical emerg
- FUEL - in hold may land with less than reserve / will land with less than reserve
- DUMP - Possible Pan call - NITS
- need to know actual issue, urgency (Pan or MAYDAY) and expect emergency services on arrival - MEDICAL - PAN call with medical emergency given as reason.
- Medlink will coordinate emergency services if contacted.
- Give ATC as much notice as possible, may need basic details of medical issue - FUEL shortfall - advise ATC how much holding avilable, if sufficient to land with reserves, declare minimum fuel, if insufficient declare MAY FUEL with endurance.
