1
Q
404 Not Found
A
An error message you might see on websites that have been moved or deleted
2
Q
Abstraction
A
To take a relatively complex system and simplify it for our use
3
Q
Address bus
A
Connects the CPU to the MCC and sends over the location of the data, but not the data itself
4
Q
Algorithm
A
A series of steps that solves specific problems.
5
Q
Android
A
A mobile operating system based on Linux
6
Q
Application
A
A computer program designed for a specific use
7
Q
Application software
A
Any software created to fulfill a specific need, like a text editor, web browser, or graphics editor
8
Q
ARPANET
A
The earliest version of the Internet that we see today, created by the US government project DARPA in the 1960s
9
Q
ASCII
A
The oldest character encoding standard used is ASCII. It represents the English alphabet, digits, and punctuation marks
10
Q
Assembly language
A
A language that allowed computer scientists to use human readable instructions, assembled into code that the machines could understand
11
Q
ATA
A
The most common interface that hard drives use to connect to our system
12
Q
ATX (Advanced Technology eXtended)
A
The most common form factor for motherboards
13
Q
Automation
A
It makes processes work automatically
14
Q
Backward compatible
A
It means older hardware works with newer hardware
15
Q
Binary system
A
The communication that a computer uses is referred to as binary system, also known as base-2 numeral system
16
Q
Bios (Basic Input Output Services)
A
The BIOS is software that helps initialize the hardware in our computer and gets our operating system up and running
17
Q
BIOS/UEFI
A
A low-level software that initializes our computer’s hardware to make sure everything is good to go
18
Q
Block storage
A
It improves faster handling of data because the data isn’t stored in one long piece but in blocks, so it can be accessed quicker
19
Q
Boot
A
To start up a computer
20
Q
Bootloader
A
A small program that loads the operating system
21
Q
Browser
A
A user interface for displaying and interacting with web pages
22
Q
BYOD (Bring Your Own Device)
A
Refers to the practice of allowing people to use their own personal devices for work
23
Q
Byte
A
A group of 8 bits
24
Q
Cache
A
The assigned stored location for recently or frequently accessed data; on a mobile app it is where anything that was changed or created with that app is stored
25
Character encoding
Is used to assign our binary values to characters so that we as humans can read them
26
Charge cycle
One full charge and discharge of a battery
27
Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA)
Regulates the information we show to children under the age of 13
28
Chipset
It decides how components talk to each other on our machine
29
Chrome OS
A Linux-based operating system designed by Google
30
Clients
A device that receives data from a server
31
Clock cycle
When you send a voltage to the clock wire
32
Clock speed
The maximum number of clock cycles that it can handle in a set in a certain time period
33
Clock wire
When you send or receive data, it sends a voltage to that clock wire to let the CPU know it can start doing calculations
34
Coding
Translating one language to another
35
Command Line Interface (CLI)
A shell that uses text commands to interact with the operating system
36
Compiled programming language
A language that uses human readable instructions, then sends them through a compiler
37
Computer
A device that stores and processes data by performing calculations
38
Computer file
Data that we store and a file can be anything, a word document, a picture, a song, literally anything
39
Copyright
Used when creating original work
40
CPU
Central processing unit
41
CPU sockets
A CPU socket is a series of pins that connect a CPU’s processor to the PC’s motherboard
42
Cryptography
The overarching discipline that covers the practice of coding and hiding messages from third parties
43
DARPA
A US government project in the 1960s that went on to create the earliest version of the Internet that we see today
44
Data blocks
Data that can be broken down into many pieces and written to different parts of the hard disk
45
Data sizes
Metrics that refer to data sizes including bit, byte, kilobyte, kibibyte, and megabyte
46
DDR SDRAM (Double Data Rate SDRAM)
A type of RAM that is faster, takes up less power, and has a larger capacity than earlier SDRAM versions
47
Decimal form- base 10 system
In the decimal system, there are 10 possible numbers you can use ranging from zero to nine
48
Desktop
The main screen where we can navigate our files, folders, and applications
49
Digital divide
The growing skills gap between people with and without digital literacy skills
50
DIMM
Dual Inline Memory Module
51
Display port
Port which also outputs audio and video
52
Distribution
A version of the operating system
53
Distributions
Some common Linux distributions are Ubuntu, Debian, and Red Hat
54
Domain name
A website name; the part of the URL following www.
55
Domain Name System (DNS)
A global and highly distributed network service that resolves strings of letters, such as a website name, into an IP address
56
DRAM
Dynamic Random Access Memory
57
Drivers
The drivers contain the instructions our CPU needs to understand external devices like keyboards, webcams, printers
58
DVI
DVI cables generally just output video
59
Electrostatic discharge
Electrostatic discharge is a sudden and momentary flow of electric current between two electrically charged objects caused by contact, an electrical short or dielectric breakdown
60
Error message
Helpful indicators that can point you in the right direction
61
Etcher.io
A tool you can use to load an install image onto your USB device and make it bootable
62
Ethernet cable
It lets you physically connect to the network through a cable
63
.exe
A file extension found in Windows for an executable file
64
Expansion slots
Give us the ability to increase the functionality of our computer
65
External Data Bus (EDB)
It's a row of wires that interconnect the parts of our computer
66
Factory reset
Resetting a device to the settings it came with from the factory
67
Fiber optic cable
Fiber optic cables contain individual optical fibers which are tiny tubes made of glass about the width of a human hair. Unlike copper, which uses electrical voltages, fiber cables use pulses of light to represent the ones and zeros of the underlying data
68
File extension
The appended part of a filename that tells us what type of file it is in certain operating systems
69
File handling
A process of storing data using a program
70
File system
A system used to manage files
71
Finder
The file manager for all Macs
72
Firmware
Software that's permanently stored on a computer component
73
Folders/Directories
Used to organize files
74
Form factor
A mathematical way to compensate for irregularities in the shape of an object by using a ratio between its volume and height
75
GIT
A version control system that helps keep track of changes made to files and directories
76
Globalization
The movement that lets governments, businesses, and organizations communicate and integrate together on an international scale
77
Hard drive
It is a long term memory component that holds all of our data, which can include music, pictures, applications
78
Hardware
External or internal devices and equipment that help you perform major functions
79
Hardware resource deficiency
It refers to the lack of system resources like memory, hard drive space, etc
80
HDD (Hard disk drive)
Hard disk drives, or HDDs, use a spinning platter and a mechanical arm to read and write information
81
HDMI
A type of cable that outputs both video and audio
82
Heatsink
It is used to dissipate heat from our CPU
83
HFS+/APFS
HFS+ is a journaling system developed by Apple Inc. and APFS is another but more encrypted Apple journaling system
84
Hostname
Used to identify the computer when it needs to talk to other computers
85
Hubs
Devices that serve as a central location through which data travels through
86
Information technology
The use of digital technology, like computers and the internet, to store and process data into useful information
87
Input/Output device
A device that performs input and output, including monitors, keyboards, mice, hard disk drives, speakers, bluetooth headsets, webcams, and network adapters
88
Install image
A downloadable operating system image used to install an operating system on a device
89
Instruction set
A list of instructions that our CPU is able to run
90
Internet
A worldwide system of interconnected networks
91
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)
Where website names are registered
92
Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4)
An address that consists of 32 bits separated into four groups
93
Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6)
An address that consist of a 128 bits, four times the amount that IPv4 uses
94
Internet service provider (ISP)
A company that provides a consumer an internet connection
95
Internet of Things (IoT)
The concept that more and more devices are connected to the internet in a smarter fashion such as smart thermostats that turn off the air conditioner when you leave and turn it on when you come back
96
Interpreted programming language
A language that isn't compiled ahead of time
97
I/O management
Anything that can give us input or that we can use for output of data
98
iOS
A mobile operating system developed by Apple Inc.
99
IP address
The most common protocol used in the network layer, used to helps us route information
100
ITX (Information Technology eXtended)
A form factor for motherboards that is much smaller than ATX boards
101
Kernel
The main core of an operating system that creates processes, efficiently schedules them, and manages how processes are terminated
102
Land Grid Array (LGA)
It is a type of CPU socket that stick out of the motherboard
103
Lightning adaptor
One of the standard power, data and display connector types used in mobile devices
104
Linux OS
Linux is one of the largest an open source operating system used heavily in business infrastructure and in the consumer space
105
Logic gates
Allow transistors to do more complex tasks, like decide where to send electrical signals depending on logical conditions
106
Logs
Files that record system events on our computer
107
MAC address
A globally unique identifier attached to an individual network interface. It's a 48-bit number normally represented by six groupings of two hexadecimal numbers
108
Mac OS
Apple's operating system
109
Mb/s
megabit per second, which is a unit of data transfer rate
110
Memory controller chip (MCC)
A bridge between the CPU and the RAM
111
Memory usage
The amount of memory available in your system as well as what memory is currently being used by other applications
112
Memory management
One of the functions that a kernel performs; it optimizes memory usage and make sure our applications have enough memory to run
113
Metadata
Tells us everything we need to know about a file, including who created it, when it was last modified, who has access to it, and what type of file it is.
114
Micro display port
One of the standard power, data and display connector types used in mobile devices
115
Micro HDMI
One of the standard power, data and display connector types used in mobile devices
116
Micro USB
One of the standard power, data and display connector types used in mobile devices
117
Microsoft Terminal Services Client
A client program used to create RDP connections to remote computers
118
Mini HDMI
One of the standard power, data and display connector types used in mobile devices
119
Mini USB
One of the standard power, data and display connector types used in mobile devices
120
Motherboard
The body or circulatory system of the computer that connects all the pieces together
121
Network
The interconnection of computers
122
Network Address Translation (NAT)
A mitigation tool that lets organizations use one public IP address and many private IP addresses within the network
123
Network stack
A set of hardware or software that provides the infrastructure for a computer
124
Networking
Managing, building and designing networks
125
Networking protocols
A set of rules for how we transfer data in a network
126
Northbridge
interconnects stuff like RAM and video cards.
127
NVMe (NVM Express)
interface standard which allows greater throughput of data and increased efficiency.
128
Open SSH
The most popular program to use SSH within Linux
129
Open Source
This means the developers will let other developers share, modify, and distribute their software for free
130
Operating system
The whole package that manages our computers resources and lets us interact with it
131
Overclocking
it increases the rate of your CPU clock cycles in order to perform more tasks
132
PC
Personal computer, which technically means a computer that one person uses
133
PCI Express
Peripheral Component Interconnect Express
134
PDA (Personal Digital Assistant)
Allows computing to go mobile
135
Peripherals
the external devices which we connect to our computer that add functionality, like: a mouse, a keyboard, and a monitor
136
Permission denied
An error message you might find when accessing a protected file
137
Pin Grid Array (PGA)
CPU socket where the pins are located on the processor itself
138
Plink (PuTTY Link)
A tool built into the command line after PuTTY is installed that is used to make remote SSH connections
139
Ports
Connection points that we can connect devices to that extend the functionality of our computer
140
POST (Power On Self Test)
It figures out what hardware is on the computer
141
Powershell
A shell (program that interprets text commands) for Windows
142
Power supply
Converts electricity from our wall outlet onto a format that our computer can use
143
Power user
Above average computer users
144
Process management
The capacity to manage the many programs in a system - when to run them, the order they run in, how many resources they take up, how long they run, etcetera
145
Process scheduler
The part of the kernel that makes multitasking possible
146
Programming
Coding in a programming language
147
Programming language
Special languages that software developers use to write instructions for computers to execute
148
Programs
Basic instructions that tell the computer what to do
149
Punch cards
A sequence of cards with holes in them to automatically perform calculations instead of manually entering them by hand
150
Qwiklabs
An online platform which provides training in cloud services
151
RAM
Random Access Memory
152
Registers
An accessible location for storing the data that our CPU works with
153
Reimaging
The process of reimaging involves wiping and reinstalling an operating system using a disk image which is a copy of an operating system
154
Remote connection
The ability to connect an authorized person to a computer or network remotely; allows us to manage multiple machines from anywhere in the world
155
Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP)
A secure network communication protocol developed by Microsoft that allows a user to connect to another device remotely
156
Return merchandise authorization (RMA)
The process of receiving returned merchandise and authorizing a refund
157
RGB model
RGB or red, green, and blue model is the basic model of representing colors
158
ROM chip (Read Only Memory)
A read-only memory chip where the BIOS is stored
159
Root cause
The main factor that's causing a range of issues
160
Router
A device that knows how to forward data between independent networks
161
RPM
Revolutions per minute
162
SATA
The most popular serial ATA drive, which uses one cable for data transfers
163
Safe operating temperature
The temperature range in which rechargeable batteries must be kept in order to avoid demanage
164
Scalability
The measure of a system’s ability to increase or decrease in performance and cost in response to varying loads in system processing demands
165
SDRAM
It stands for Synchronous DRAM, this type of RAM is synchronized to our systems' clock speed allowing quicker processing of data
166
Server logs
Text files that contains recorded information about activities performed on a specific web server in a defined period of time
167
Servers
Devices that provide data to other devices that request that data, also known as a client
168
Scripting
Coding in a scripting language
169
Script
It is run by an interpreter, which interprets the code into CPU instructions just in time to run them
170
Scripts
Mainly used to perform a single or limited range task
171
Shell
A program that
172
Synchronous DRAM
stands for Synchronous DRAM, this type of RAM is synchronized to our systems' clock speed allowing quicker processing of data
173
Shell
A program that interprets text commands and sends them to the OS to execute
174
Standoffs
Used to raise and attach your motherboard to the case
175
SOC (System On a Chip)
Packs the CPU, Ram, and sometimes even the storage onto a single chip
176
Software
The intangible instructions that tell the hardware what to do
177
Software bug
An error in software that causes unexpected results
178
Software management
A broad term used to refer to any and all kinds of software that are designed to manage or help manage some sort of project or task
179
Southbridge
It maintains our IO or input/output controllers, like hard drives and USB devices that input and output data.
180
SSH (Secure shell)
A protocol implemented by other programs to securely access one computer from another.
181
SSH authentication key
A secure authentication method for accessing a computer from other device
182
SSH client
A program you must have installed on your device in order to establish an SSH connection with another device
183
SSH server
Software installed on a machine that allows for that device to accept an SSH connection
184
Standardization
A systematic way of naming hosts
185
Swap space
The allocated space where the virtual memory is stored on the hard drive when the amount of physical memory space is used up or full
186
SSD
Solid State Drive
187
Switches
Devices that help our data travel
188
System
A system refers to a group of hardware components and software components that work together to run the programs or processes in the computer
189
System settings
Settings like display resolution, user accounts, network, devices, etc
190
System software
Software used to keep our core system running, like operating system tools and utilities
191
Task bar
It gives us quick options and shows us information like network connectivity, the date, system notifications, sound etc
192
Terminal
A text based interface to the computer
193
Thermal paste
A substance used to better connect our CPU and heat sink, so the heat transfers from to the other better
194
Time slice
A very short interval of time that gets allocated to a process for CPU execution
195
Transfer Control Protocol (TCP)
A protocol that handles reliable delivery of information from one network to another
196
Troubleshooting
The ability to diagnose and resolve a problem
197
Type-C connector
A type of USB connector meant to replace many peripheral connections
198
Ubuntu
The most popular Linux consumer distribution
199
UEFI
United Extensible Firmware Interface
200
USB (Universal Serial Bus)
A connection standard for connecting peripherals to devices such as computers
201
USB-C adapter
One of the standard power, data and display connector types used in mobile devices
202
UTF-8
The most prevalent encoding standard used today
203
Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
A web address similar to a home address
204
User name
A unique identifier for a user account
205
User space
The aspect of an operating system that humans interact with directly like programs, such as text editors, music players, system settings, user interfaces, etcetera
206
Virtual Box
An application you can use to install Linux and have it completely isolated from your machine
207
Virtual machine (VM)
An application that uses physical resources like memory, CPU and storage, but they offer the added benefit of running multiple operating systems at once
208
Virtual memory
A combination of hard drive space and RAM that acts like memory which our processes can use
209
VPN (Virtual private network)
A secure method of connecting a device to a private network over the internet
210
WannaCry Attack
A cyber attack that started in Europe and infected hundreds of thousands of computers across the world
211
Wireless networking (Wi-Fi)
Networks you connect to through radios and antennas
212
World Wide Web (WWW)
The information system that enables documents and other web resources to be accessed over the Internet
It Support
flashcards
Decks in class (2)
# Cards
