CPP - Glucagon

Question 1

Glucagon

Presentations

Answer 1

Vial w 1mg of powder for reconstitution prior to injection.

(And, if in kit, 1 pre-filled syringe w 1mL sterile water for reconstitution).

Question 2

Glucagon

Primary Emergency Indications

Answer 2

1. Diabetic hypoglycaemia (BGL <4mmol/L) in pt w an altered conscious state who are UNABLE to self-administer oral glucose (or is unavailable).
2. Anaphylaxis (adult) where pt remain hypotensive following adrenaline therapy w hx of heart failure or pt taking beta-blocker meds.

Question 3

Glucagon

Contraindications
(known hypersensitivity plus)

Answer 3

Nil of significance in the above indication.
ie. Diabetic hypoglycaemia or adult anaphylaxis.

Question 4

Glucagon

Precautions

Answer 4

Nil of significance in the above indication.
ie. Diabetic hypoglycaemia or adult anaphylaxis.

Question 5

Glucagon

Key Timings

Answer 5

Onset 3 -5min,
Peak NA,
Duration 12 - 25min.

Question 6

Glucagon

Special notes and special interactions

Answer 6

1. Pt taking beta-blockers might be expected to have a greater increase in both pulse and BP,
2. Not all Pt’s will respond to Glucagon (eg. those w inadequate Glycogen stores in the liver - alcoholics, malnourished),
3. It is important to ensure early transport and/or activation of paramedic back up in all cases of hypoglycaemia.

Question 7

Glucagon

Side effects

Answer 7

Nausea and vomiting (rare).

Question 8

Glucagon

Pharmacology/Actions

Answer 8

A hormone that is normally secreted by the pancreas which raises BGL.

Causes an increase in blood glucose concentration by converting stored liver glycogen to glucose.

Question 9

Name the common symptoms of hypoglycaemia.

Answer 9

“He IS TIRED”

• Headache
• Irratable
• Sweating
• Tachycardia
• Increased thirst + urination
• Restlessness
• Excessive hunger
• Dizziness

Question 10

What is meant by “reconstitute”?

Answer 10

To bring (a concentrated solution or a dehydrated substance) to normal strength or condition by adding water.