CPR

Question 1

what is DRSABCD

Answer 1

D- dangers
R- responsive
S- send for help
A- airway
B- breathing
C- Start CRP
D- defibrillation

Question 2

what is the compressions to breathing ratio on an adult/ child

Answer 2

30 compressions
2 breaths

Question 3

advanced life support for adults (shockable and non shockable pathways)

Answer 3

SHOCKABLE
1. start CPR
2. attach defib/ monitor
3. asssess rhythm
4. shockable
5. shock
6. CPR for 2 minutes

NON SHOCKABLE
1. start CPR
2. attach defib/ monitor
3. assess rhythm
4. non shockable
5. CPR for 2 minutes

if someone spontaneoulsy has a return of circulation then do post resuscitation care

Question 4

what to do during CPR

Answer 4

• airway adjuncts (used to keep airways open)
• oxygen
• waveform capnography (represents air movement in the lungs similar to an ECG)
• IV/ IO access
• plan actions before interrupting compressions

Question 5

what drugs can be used during CPR (shockable and non shockable)

Answer 5

shockable:
- adrenaline 1mg after 2nd shock (then every 2nd loop)
- amiodarone 300mg after 3 shocks

non shockable:
- adrenaline 1mg immediately (then every 2nd loop)

Question 6

what to consider and correct during CPR

Answer 6

• hypoxia
• hypervolaemia (too much body fluid)
• hyper/ hypokalaemia/ metabolic disorders
• hypothemia/ hyperthermia
• tension pneumothorax (when air enters the pleural space but cannot fully exit)
• tamponade (abnormal amounts of fluid accumulate in the pericardial sac compressing the heart and leading to cardiac arrest)
• toxins
• thrombosis (pulmonary/ coronary)

Question 7

what is involved in post resuscitation care?

Answer 7

• re evaluate ABCDE
• 12 lead ECG, continuous monitoring of vital signs
• maintain IV access
• treat precipitating cause and plan for definitive treatment
• aim for SP02 94-98%, normocapnia ( the state of normal arterial carbon dioxide pressure usually 40mmHg) and normoglycaemia (having normal blood sugar levels)
• targeted temperature management
• CCU (critical care unit) or ICU (intensive care unit) care
• support the family

Question 8

how to do CPR to an infant

Answer 8

do compressions with your two thumbs, the rest of your hand should be encircleing the chest
OR
using two fingers to do compressions
you want to reach the depth of a third of their depth

paediatric CPR says 15 compressions to 2 breaths

Question 9

how to do CPR on a child

Answer 9

do compressions with one hand or two depending how big the child is

paediatric CPR says 15 compressions to 2 breaths

for children older than 8 years old, a standard AED defib with adult pads can be used