cranial nerves

Question 1

names of the cranial nerves

Answer 1

Only - Olfactory
One - Optic
Of - Oculomotor
The - Trochlear
Two - Trigeminal
Athletes - Abducens
Felt - Facial
Very - Vestibulocochlear
Good - Glossopharyngeal
Victorious - Vagus
And - Accessory
Healthy - Hypoglossal

Question 2

which nerves are for smell and sight

Answer 2

olfactory and optic (I&II)

Question 3

which nerves are for moving eyeballs

Answer 3

oculomotor, trochlear, abducens (III&IV&VI)

Question 4

which nerves are for touch and movement of anterior 1/2 of head

Answer 4

trigeminal and facial (V&VII)

Question 5

which nerves are for hearing and balance

Answer 5

vestibulochochlear

Question 6

which nerves are for touch and movement of posterior 1/2 of head

Answer 6

glossopharyngeal, vagus (IX&X)

Question 7

which nerves are for shrugging muscles

Answer 7

accessory (XI)

Question 8

which nerves are for the tongue

Answer 8

hypoglossal (XII)

Question 9

which are the parasympathetic fibres

Answer 9

III,VII,IX,X

Question 10

what are the 4 fibre types

Answer 10

• general sensory
• special sensory
• somatic motor
• parasympathetic

Question 11

general sensory fibre

Answer 11

sense of touch

Question 12

special sensory fibre

Answer 12

smell, sight, taste, hearing and balance

Question 13

somatic motor fibre

Answer 13

under conscious control

Question 14

parasympathetic fibre

Answer 14

both afferent and efferent

Question 15

olfactory nerve - CNI

Answer 15

• function: carries sense of smell from the olfactory mucosa to the brain
• one fibre type is smell (special sense)
• it exists the cranial cavity via cribriform plate
• originates as an extension of the telencephalon
• sensors in the superior part of the nasal cavity

Question 16

optic nerve - CNII

Answer 16

• function: deliver sense of sight to the brain
• 1 fibre type: special sense (sight)
• emerges from the brain as the optic tract - from the diencephalon
• exits cranial cavity via optic canal
• sensors in retina

Question 17

Oculomotor nerve - CNIII

Answer 17

• function: moves muscles in the eyeball sockets that move the eye around and lift up the eyelid (extrinsic eye)
• secondary function: parasympathetic with synapse on a ganglion behind eye to constrict the pupil (intrinsic eye)
• is a motor cranial nerve
• emerges from the anterior surface of the midbrain

Question 18

trochlear nerve - CNIV

Answer 18

• 1 fibre type: somatic motor function
• function: innervation to superior oblique, an extrinsic muscle of the eye
• emerges from the posterior surface of brainstem
• exits cranial cavity via superior orbital fissure
• target in orbit

Question 19

abducens nerve - CNVI

Answer 19

• function: innovates the muscle that abducts the pupil
• 1 fibre type: somatic motor
• goes to 1 of the 6 muscles in the eye - the lateral rectus muscle
• originates between pons and medulla
• exits cranial cavity via superior orbital fissure

Question 20

trigeminal nerve - CNV

Answer 20

• has 3 divisions: ophthalmic division, maxillary division, mandibular division
• 2 fibre types: general somatic sensory and branchial motor
• function: sensation across the face comes and anterior scalp, moto to muscles of mastication
• emerges from the middle of the pons
• synapses are in the trigeminal nuclei

Question 21

facial nerve - CNVII

Answer 21

• has all four fibre types
• emerges from the pons-medullary junction
• leaves cranial cavity at the internal acoustic meatus
• function: innervation of facial muscles, taste of anterior 2/3rds of tongue

Question 22

vestibulocochlear nerve - CNVIII

Answer 22

• function is to give hearing and balance
• emerges from the pons-medullary junction
• runs parallel to the facial nerve
• exits through the internal acoustic meatus
• sensors in inner ear in temporal bone

Question 23

glossopharyngeal nerve - CNIX

Answer 23

• general function is being the general sensory nerve for the posterior part of the head
• originates from pons-medullary junction
• has all 4 fibre types
• special sense component is taste to the posterior 1/3rd of the tongue
• exits at jugular foramen

Question 24

vagus nerve - CNX

Answer 24

• originates from medulla
• exits at jugular foramen
• supplies parasympathetic innovation to the viscera of the thorax and abdomen, motor of pharynx and larynx, taste to epiglottis
• has all 4 fibre types

Question 25

Accessory nerve - CNXI

Answer 25

- originates from lateral aspect of spinal cord and brainstem - exits through the jugular foramen - 1 fibre type: general somatic motor - function: innervation of the the sternocleidomastoid-mastoid and trapezius muscle for elevation of the scapula and clavicle - targets in neck and back

Question 26

hypoglossal nerve - CNXII

Answer 26

- function: innervation to the muscles of the tongue - originates from medulla - travels through the hypoglossal canals that are immediately anterior to the foramen magnum - runs underneath the tongue for supply - exits cranial cavity via hypoglossal canal

Question 27

sensory of motor functions (follows order of mnemonic for nerves)

Answer 27

Some - sensory Say - sensory Marry - motor Money - motor But - both My - motor Brother - motor Says- sensory Big - both Brains - both Matter - motor More - motor

Question 28

opthalmic division - CN V1

Answer 28

the somato-sensation for the tip of the nose, above the corner of the eye to the top of the head

Question 29

maxillary division - CN V2

Answer 29

- sensation for the eye to the corner of the mouth - is overlying the maxilla

Question 30

mandibular division - CN v3

Answer 30

- sensation for the edge of the chin up to the corner of the mouth - sits over the mandible - the only part of the trigeminal nerve that carries motor route - cervical nerves are from below the chin

Question 31

what is the motor route of the trigeminal nerve

Answer 31

- the muscle of mastication - temporalis, massitor, medial and lateral terigoids, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini

Question 32

where do the divisions of the trigeminal nerve leave

Answer 32

- V1: superior orbital fissure - V2: foramen rotundum (inferior to the orbit and above oral cavity) - V3: foramen ovale (through base of skull close to the jaw joint)

Question 33

what are the branches of the facial nerve

Answer 33

- parotid plexus - posterior auricular nerve - chroda tympani - greater petrosal nerve

Question 34

where is the internal acoustic meatus located

Answer 34

in the petrous temporal bone

Question 35

what is the somatic motor function of the vagus nerve

Answer 35

all of the muscles of the voice box and all the muscles of the pharynx

Question 36

what is the special sensation of the vagus nerve

Answer 36

taste in the back of the throat on the epiglottis

Question 37

where is the general sense of the vagus nerve

Answer 37

part of the area posterior to the external ear

Question 38

what is the somatic pathway into the head

Answer 38

1. derive from the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spine 2. travel up and synapse in the sympathetic chain (either side of vertebral column) 3. cross onto internal carotid artery and become plexiform 4. they generally distribute with the arteries that targets are in the head