Cranial nerves

Question 1

1. What do the following modalities mean?

• SSA
• SVA
• GVA

Answer 1

• Special Somatic afferent - vision, hearing balance
• Special visceral afferent - Smell, taste
• General visceral afferent - Sensory input from viscera

Question 2

• GSA
• GSE

Answer 2

• General sensory afferent - Perception of touch, pain, temperature
• General somatic efferent - Motor innervation of skeletal (Voluntary muscle)

Question 3

• GVE
• SVE

Answer 3

• General visceral efferent - Motor innervation to smooth muscle, heart muscle, and glands
• Special visceral efferent - Motor innervation to skeletal muscles derived from pharyngeal arch of mesoderm

Question 4

What are the 7 CN modalities?

Answer 4

• GSA - General somatic afferent
• SVA - Sensory Visceral afferent
• GVA - General visceral afferent
• GSE - General somatic efferent
• SVE - Special visceral efferent
• GVE - General visceral efferent
• SSA - Special somatic afferent

Question 5

1. What modalities does CN1 have?
2. Which nerve is this?

Answer 5

1. SSA - Special sense of smell
2. Olfactory nerve

Question 6

1. Which nerve is CN2?
2. Which modalities does CN2 have?

Answer 6

1. Optic nerve
2. SSA - Special sense of vision

Question 7

1. Which nerve is CN III?
2. Which modalities does CN III have?

Answer 7

1. Occulomotor nerve
2. GSE - Motor to extra-occular muscles (Medial, Superior Inferior Rectus & Inferior oblique) & Levator palpebri superioris
3. GVE - Parasympathetic to Sphincter pupillae for accomodation

Question 8

1. Which nerve is CN IV?
2. Which modalities does CN IV have?

Answer 8

1. Trochlear nerve
2. GSE - Motor to superior oblique muscle

Question 9

1. Which nerve is CN V?
2. Which modalities does CN V have?

Answer 9

1. Trigeminal nerve
2. GSA - Sensory to face, orbit, nose, anterior tongue
3. SVE - Motor to Temporalis muscle, masseter, medial and lateral pterygoids, tensor tympani, anterior belly of digastric, myolhyoid muscles

Question 10

1. Which nerve is CN VI?
2. Which modalities does CN VI have?

Answer 10

1. Abducent nerve
2. GSE - Motor to lateral rectus muscle

Question 11

1. Which nerve is CN VII?
2. Which modalities does CN VII have?

Answer 11

1. Facial nerve
2. GSA - Sensory to external acoustic meatus and auricle
3. SVA - Special sense of taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue
4. GVE - Motor to glands - lacrimal gland, submandibular, and sublingual salivary glands & Hard and soft palates
5. SVE - Motor to facial muscles and scalp from 2nd pharyngeal arch - & stapedius, posterior belly of digastric, stylohyoid muscles

Question 12

1. Which nerve is CN VIII?
2. Which modalities does CN VIII have?

Answer 12

1. Vestibulocochlear nerve
2. SSA - Special sense of hearing and balance

Question 13

1. Which nerve is CN IV?
2. Which modalities does CN IV have?

Answer 13

1. Glossopharyngeal nerve
2. GSA - Sensory to posterior 1/3 of tongue, palatine tonsils, oropharynx, middle ear mucosa, eustachian tube, and mastoid air cells
3. SVA - Special sense of taste - posterior tongue
4. GVA - Sensory from middle ear, pharynx, carotid body & sinus
5. GVE - Motor to parotid salivary gland
6. SVE - Motor to stylopharyngeus muscle

Question 14

1. Which nerve is CN X?
2. Which modalities does CN X have?

Answer 14

1. Vagus nerve
2. GSA — Sensory from larynx, laryngopharynx & dura in PCF
3. SVA - Special sense of taste, epiglottis
4. GVA - Sensory from pharynx, larynx, and thoracic and abdominal organs, aortic body chemoreceptors and baroreceptors, esophagus, bronchi, lungs, heart
5. GVE - Motor to smooth muscle and glands in pharynx, larynx, and thoracic and abdominal organs
6. SVE - Motor to palatoglossus muscle, muscles of soft palate except tensor veli palatini, and pharynx and larynx except stylopharyngeus

Question 15

1. Which nerve is CN XI?
2. Which modalities does CN XI have?

Answer 15

1. Spinal accessory nerve
2. GSE - Motor to Sternocleidomastoid & Trapezius muscles

Question 16

1. Which nerve is CN XII?
2. Which modalities does CN XII have?

Answer 16

1. Hypoglossal nerve
2. GSE - Motor to muscles of tongue except Palatoglossus

Question 17

1. What are the divisions of CN V?

Answer 17

1. V1 - Opthalmic division
2. V2 - Maxillary division
3. V3 - Mandibular division

Question 18

1. Where does the olfactory nerve exit from the skull

Answer 18

1. Cribiform plate of ethmoid bone

Question 19

1. Where does the optic nerve exit the skull?

Answer 19

1. Optic canal

Question 20

1. Where do the occulomotor, trochlear, and abducent nerve exit the skull?

Answer 20

1. Superior orbital fissure

Question 21

1. Where does the Trigeminal nerve exit the skull?
2. V1
3. V2
4. V3

Answer 21

1. V1 — Superior orbital fissure
2. V2 — Foramen rotundum
3. V3 — Foramen ovale

Question 22

1. Where does the facial nerve exit the skull?
2. Where does it actually leave the skull?

Answer 22

1. Internal acoustic meatus
2. Stylomastoid foramen

Question 23

1. Where does the vestibulocochlear nerve leave the cranial cavity?

Answer 23

1. Internal acoustic meatus

Question 24

1. Where do the Glossopharyngeal, vagus, and accessory nerve exit the skull?

Answer 24

1. Jugular foramen

Question 25

1. Where does the hypoglossal nerve exit the skull?

Answer 25

1. Hypoglossal canal

Question 26

1. Which cranial nerves have GSA modality?

Answer 26

1. CN V, CN VII, CN IX, CN X

Question 27

1. Which cranial nerves have the GVA modality?

Answer 27

1. CN IX,CN X

Question 28

1. Which cranial nerves have the SVA modality?

Answer 28

1. CN I, CN IX, CN VII, CN X

Question 29

1. Which cranial nerves have the SSA modality?

Answer 29

1. CN VII, CN II

Question 30

1. Which cranial nerves have the GSE modality?

Answer 30

CN III, CN IV, CN VI, CN XI, CN XII

Question 31

1. Which cranial nerves have the GVE modality?

Answer 31

1. CN III, CN VII, CN IX, CN X

Question 32

1. Which cranial nerves have the SVE modality?

Answer 32

1. CN V, CN VII, CN IX, CN X

Question 33

1. Which sense does the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus supply?

Answer 33

1. Proprioception

Question 34

Which sense does the chief trigeminal nucleus supply?

Answer 34

1. touch

Question 35

1. Which sense does the spinal trigeminal nucleus supply?

Answer 35

1. pain and temperature

Question 36

1. What is the nucleus of CN III? (2) 2. Which part of the brainstem is it found?

Answer 36

1. Erdinger Westphal nucleus & Occulomotor nucleus 2. Midbrain

Question 37

1. What is the nucleus of CN IV? 2. Which part of the brainstem is it found?

Answer 37

1. Trochlear nucleus 2. Midbrain

Question 38

1. What is the nucleus of CN V? Sensory and Motor 2. Which part of the brainstem is it found?

Answer 38

1. Sensory - Trigeminal nucleus (M+S+P) & Motor - Trigeminal motor nucleus 2. Pons

Question 39

1. What is the nucleus of CN VI? 2. Which part of the brainstem is it found?

Answer 39

1. Abducens nucleus 2. Pons

Question 40

1. What is the nucleus of CN VII? (2) 2. Which part of the brainstem is it found?

Answer 40

1. Facial nucleus & Superior salivatory nucleus 2. Pons

Question 41

1. What is the nucleus of CN VIII? (2) 2. Which part of the brainstem is it found? (2)

Answer 41

1. Vestibular and cochlear nuclei 2. Medulla and Pons

Question 42

1. What is the nucleus of CN IX? (4) 2. Which part of the brainstem is it found?

Answer 42

1. Inferior salivatory nucleus & Nucleus ambiguus & Nucleus solitarius & Spinal trigeminal nucleus 2. Medulla & Pons

Question 43

1. What is the nucleus of CN X? (3) 2. Which part of the brainstem is it found?

Answer 43

1. Dorsal vagal nucleus & Nucleus solitarius & Spinal trigeminal nucleus 2. Medulla

Question 44

1. What is the nucleus of CN XI? (2) 2. Which part of the brainstem is it found?

Answer 44

1. Accessory nucleus 2. Medulla oblongata

Question 45

1. What is the nucleus of CN XII? (2) 2. Which part of the brainstem is it found?

Answer 45

1. Hypoglossal nucleus 2. Medulla

Question 46

Identify the cranial nerve motor nuclei: * Accessory nucleus * Hypoglossal nucleus * Dorsal vagal nucleus * Nucleus ambiguus * Inferior salivatory nucleus * Superior salivatory nucleus * Facial nucleus * Abducens nucleus * Trigeminal motor nucleus * Trochlear nucleus * Occulomotor nucleus * Erdinger westphal nucleus

Answer 46

Question 47

Identify the cranial nerve sensory nuclei: * Mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus * Pontine trigeminal nucleus * Vestibular and cochlear nuclei * Nucleus solitarius * Spinal trigeminal nucleus

Answer 47