Craniofacial Development

Question 1

Which structures are involved in a cleft palate?

Answer 1

Hard palate, soft palate, or both.

Question 2

What causes a cleft lip?

Answer 2

Failure of frontonasal and maxillary processes to fuse.

Question 3

What causes a cleft palate?

Answer 3

Failure of the palatine processes and nasal septum to fuse.

Question 4

What are the risk factors for a cleft lip/palate?

Answer 4

Genetics, antiepileptic drugs, benzodiazepines, rubella.

Question 5

How is cleft lip/palate prevented?

Answer 5

Quit smoking, folic acid pre-conception.

Question 6

How is cleft lip/palate diagnosed?

Answer 6

Antenatal USS or at birth

Question 7

What is the management for a cleft lip/palate?

Answer 7

1. Specialised feeding bottles
2. Repair lip at 4 months
3. Repair palate at 1 year

Question 8

What are the complications of a cleft lip/palate?

Answer 8

1. Glue ear
2. Dental problems
3. Nasal speech (mainly with cleft palate)