Cysts

Question 1

What is a chlazian

Answer 1

A chalazion is a swollen, pain-free bump on your eyelid. Your eyelid has tiny glands that produce an oily substance to help keep your eyes moist. When one of those glands gets blocked, you can wind up with a chalazion.

Question 2

Chalazion managment

Answer 2

Non-pharmacological
•Most chalazia resolve within 6 months with lid hygiene, warm compresses and lid massage

Pharmacological
•Steroid injections (e.g. triamcinolone)

Surgical
•If large, recurrent, causing reduction of vision due to corneal distortion or interfering with eyelid function, refer for surgical management.
•Surgery involves incision and curettage.

Question 3

What is a internal hordeoleum

Answer 3

An internal hordeolum is a stye caused by an infection in a deeper oil gland inside the eyelid, specifically one of the meibomian glands

Question 4

Internal hordeolum

Answer 4

-Non pharmacological
•Most resolve spontaneously
•Warm Lid Massage
•Manage associated blepharitis
•Return if symptoms persist

Pharmacological
•Antibiotic drops or ointment (e.g. chloramphenicol)
•Severe cases: systemic broad-spectrum antibiotic and short course of topical corticosteroid (e.g. fluorometholone)

Surgical
•Rarely incision in cases that do not discharge

Question 5

What is external hordeolum

Answer 5

is a painful, red lump on the edge of the eyelid caused by an acute bacterial infection of an eyelash follicle

Question 6

Management of external hordeolum

Answer 6

Non-pharmacological:
•Most resolve spontaneously
•Warm Lid massage
•Manage associated blepharitis
•Return if symptoms persist

Pharmacological
•Antibiotic drops or ointment (e.g. chloramphenicol)
•Severe cases: systemic broad-spectrum antibiotic and short course of topical corticosteroid (e.g. fluorometholone)

Surgical
•May help to remove the eyelash with the infected follicle
•Rarely incision in cases that do not discharge

Question 7

What is capillary hemangioma

Answer 7

Blood vessels develop incorrectly forming Timor like growths
a benign, non-cancerous tumor of blood vessels that is one of the most common tumors in infants, often appearing shortly after birth as a red or blue lesion. Aka strawberry mark, it typically grows quickly for several months,

Question 9

Management of capillary haemangioma

Answer 9

Management
Non-pharmacological:
- Occlusive therapy to prevent amblyopia
- Correction of refractive error to prevent amblyopia development

Pharmacological:
- Systemic beta-blockers (e.g. propranolol)
- Systemic

Surgical:
- Laser photocoagulation
- Radiation therapy
- Surgical excision