derm terms

Question 1

macule

Answer 1

small - flat circumscribed area

altered colour

Question 2

patch

Answer 2

large flat circumscribed area

non-palpable

Question 3

papule

Answer 3

small raised area - palpable

less than 1cm

Question 4

plaque

Answer 4

large raised area

palpable salmon like/scaly

Question 5

vesicle

Answer 5

small fluid filled - thin/walled cavity - less than 1cm

Question 6

bullae

Answer 6

large fluid filled

superficial and thin walled

Question 7

pustule

Answer 7

small and pus filled

thin walled cavity

Question 8

abscess

Answer 8

large pus filled

thick walled

needs incision and drainage

Question 9

erosion

Answer 9

loss of epidermas

Question 10

ulcer

Answer 10

loss of epidermis and dermis

Question 11

nodule

Answer 11

taller than they are wide

Question 12

macule

Answer 12

small FLAT discoloured area that is well circumscribed

e,g, freckles, flat moles, rubella rash

not palpable

Question 13

what does circumscribed mean

Answer 13

well defined /clear boarders - making it easy to distinguish from surrounding normal skin

Question 14

patch

Answer 14

large , flat discoloured area

well circumscribed

vitiligo, cafe au lai spots, large birth marks

Question 15

papule

Answer 15

small RAISED , solid lesion < 1cm

e.g. acne, warts, insect bites

palpable

Question 16

plaque

Answer 16

large RAISED - solid lesion > 1cm

often plaque /flat surface on raised part

psoriasis , eczema, lichen

Question 17

vesicle

Answer 17

small fluid filled blister

< 1cm

chicken pox, HSV, poison ivy

Question 18

bullae

Answer 18

> 1cm fluid filled (serous fluid) blister

burns, bullous pemphiogold , large friction blisters

Question 19

pustule

Answer 19

small pus filled lesion < 1cm = superficial

acne, folliculitis, pustular psoarisis

Question 20

abscess

Answer 20

large, deep , pus filled lesion

extends into the dermis or subcutaneous tissue

pain, swelling , redness,

requires incision and drainage

Question 21

nodules

Answer 21

taller than are wide

Question 22

erosions

Answer 22

loss of the epidermis

Question 23

layers of the skin

Answer 23

epidermis

dermis

hypodermis

Question 23

loss of the epidermis and dermis

Answer 23

ulcers

Question 24

what is a pilosebaceous unit

Answer 24

1. hair follicle 2. sebaceous (oil) gland

Question 25

what is a comedone

Answer 25

blocked PSU - skin coloured papules black heads- open comedomes white heads - closed comedomes

Question 26

acne treatment

Answer 26

Topicals: benzoyl peroxide clindamycin retinoids (adapalene/tretinoin) Oral antibiotics - doxcycline/trimethoprim/clarithromycin isotretinoin (retinoid -> dermatolgoy)

Question 27

psorias treatment

Answer 27

emoilients potent topical corticosteroid (4 weeks - betnovate) + topical vitamin D

Question 28

scaly red plaques affecting the extensor surfaces and scalp they also get better in the sunshine but worse with beta blockers

Answer 28

psoriasis

Question 29

flat spot, different in colour/appearance to the rest of the skin and is less than 1cm in diameter

Answer 29

macule

Question 30

flat spot, different in colour/appearance to the rest of the skin more than 1cm diameter

Answer 30

patch

Question 31

elevated solid palpable lesion < 1cm in diameter

Answer 31

papule

Question 32

nodule

Answer 32

elevated solid palpable lesion >1 cm in diameter

Question 33

papule or nodule that contains fluid/semi-fluid material

Answer 33

cyst

Question 34

circumscribed palpable lesions > 1cm in diameter visibly elevated or thickened lesions in the skin

Answer 34

plaque

Question 35

small blister, circumscribed lesion <1cm in diameter containing liquid

Answer 35

vescile

Question 36

circumscribed lesion that contains pus

Answer 36

pustule

Question 37

large blister , circumscribed lesion >1cm in diameter containing liquid

Answer 37

bulla

Question 38

localised collection of pus

Answer 38

abscess

Question 39

transient elevation of the skin due to dermal oedema , often pale centrally with an erythematous rim

Answer 39

weal/wheal

Question 40

what is a wheal/weal

Answer 40

transient elevation of the skin due to dermal oedema , often pale centrally with an erythematous rim

Question 41

scaling

Answer 41

visible accumulation of squames due to increase in dead cells on the surface

Question 42

ulcer

Answer 42

full- thickness loss of a surface layer - extending into underyling tissues