Development 1

Question 1

Female internal genital organs include

Answer 1

Fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, upper one-third of vagina

Question 2

Embryological duct for female internal genitalia

Answer 2

Müllerian (paramesonephric) ducts

Question 3

Week of appearance of Müllerian ducts

Answer 3

6th week of intrauterine life

Question 4

Hormonal requirement for female differentiation

Answer 4

Absence of AMH and testosterone

Question 5

Fate of Müllerian ducts in females

Answer 5

Persist and differentiate

Question 6

Fate of Wolffian ducts in females

Answer 6

Regress

Question 7

Reason for Wolffian duct regression

Answer 7

Absence of testosterone

Question 8

Cranial unfused Müllerian ducts form

Answer 8

Fallopian tubes

Question 9

Caudal fused Müllerian ducts form

Answer 9

Uterus and cervix

Question 10

Upper one-third of vagina develops from

Answer 10

Müllerian ducts

Question 11

Lower two-thirds of vagina develops from

Answer 11

Urogenital sinus

Question 12

Direction of Müllerian duct growth

Answer 12

Cranio-caudal

Question 13

Direction of Müllerian duct fusion

Answer 13

Caudal to cranial

Question 14

Name of fusion between Müllerian ducts

Answer 14

Lateral fusion

Question 15

Structure formed after fusion

Answer 15

Uterovaginal canal

Question 16

Process following fusion

Answer 16

Resorption of central septum

Question 17

Failure of septal resorption causes

Answer 17

Septate uterus

Question 18

Failure of lateral fusion causes

Answer 18

Bicornuate uterus

Question 19

Complete failure of fusion causes

Answer 19

Uterine didelphys

Question 20

Partial failure of fusion causes

Answer 20

Bicornuate uterus

Question 21

Failure of Müllerian duct development

Answer 21

Müllerian agenesis

Question 22

Another name for Müllerian agenesis

Answer 22

MRKH syndrome

Question 23

Uterus in MRKH syndrome

Answer 23

Absent

Question 24

Ovaries in MRKH syndrome

Answer 24

Normal

Question 25

Secondary sexual characters in MRKH

Answer 25

Normal

Question 26

Most common Müllerian anomaly

Answer 26

Septate uterus

Question 27

Anomaly with best reproductive outcome

Answer 27

Arcuate uterus

Question 28

Shape of arcuate uterus

Answer 28

Mild fundal indentation

Question 29

Embryological origin of cervix

Answer 29

Fused Müllerian ducts

Question 30

Blood supply relevance in anomalies

Answer 30

Affects pregnancy outcome

Question 31

Sinovaginal bulbs arise from

Answer 31

Urogenital sinus

Question 32

Fusion of sinovaginal bulbs forms

Answer 32

Vaginal plate

Question 33

Canalization of vaginal plate forms

Answer 33

Vaginal lumen

Question 34

Failure of vaginal plate canalization

Answer 34

Vaginal atresia

Question 35

Embryological origin of hymen

Answer 35

Urogenital sinus

Question 36

Cause of imperforate hymen

Answer 36

Failure of hymenal canalization

Question 37

Condition caused by imperforate hymen

Answer 37

Hematocolpos

Question 38

Ovarian embryological origin

Answer 38

Genital ridge

Question 39

Are ovaries Müllerian derivatives?

Answer 39

No

Question 40

Origin of primordial germ cells

Answer 40

Yolk sac

Question 41

Time of germ cell migration

Answer 41

By 6th week

Question 42

Commonly associated anomalies with Müllerian defects

Answer 42

Renal anomalies

Question 43

Most common renal anomaly

Answer 43

Unilateral renal agenesis

Question 44

Side commonly affected in renal anomaly

Answer 44

Right

Question 45

Another system associated with Müllerian anomalies

Answer 45

Skeletal system

Question 46

Vertebral anomalies seen in

Answer 46

MRKH syndrome

Question 47

Imaging modality of choice for uterine anomalies

Answer 47

MRI pelvis

Question 48

Initial screening investigation

Answer 48

Ultrasound pelvis

Question 49

Gold standard for classification of uterine anomalies

Answer 49

MRI

Question 50

ASRM classification is based on

Answer 50

Embryological defect

Question 51

Complication of septate uterus

Answer 51

Recurrent pregnancy loss

Question 52

Complication of bicornuate uterus

Answer 52

Preterm labor

Question 53

Characteristic feature of uterine didelphys

Answer 53

Double cervix

Question 54

Cervical duplication seen in

Answer 54

Uterine didelphys

Question 55

Vaginal septum is associated with

Answer 55

Fusion defects

Question 56

Cause of transverse vaginal septum

Answer 56

Failure of vertical fusion

Question 57

Vertical fusion occurs between

Answer 57

Müllerian duct and urogenital sinus

Question 58

Failure of vertical fusion leads to

Answer 58

Transverse vaginal septum

Question 59

Clinical importance of genital tract development defects

Answer 59

Infertility, RPL, obstetric complications

Question 60

Most important exam correlation in Müllerian anomalies

Answer 60

Always evaluate kidneys