Development 2

Question 1

Embryological origin of upper one-third of vagina

Answer 1

Müllerian (paramesonephric) ducts

Question 2

Embryological origin of lower two-thirds of vagina

Answer 2

Urogenital sinus

Question 3

Structure connecting Müllerian duct to urogenital sinus

Answer 3

Sinovaginal bulbs

Question 4

Sinovaginal bulbs arise from

Answer 4

Urogenital sinus

Question 5

Fusion of sinovaginal bulbs forms

Answer 5

Vaginal plate

Question 6

Nature of vaginal plate

Answer 6

Solid epithelial plate

Question 7

Process that forms vaginal lumen

Answer 7

Canalization of vaginal plate

Question 8

Failure of vaginal plate canalization causes

Answer 8

Vaginal atresia

Question 9

Time of completion of vaginal development

Answer 9

5th month of intrauterine life

Question 10

Embryological origin of hymen

Answer 10

Urogenital sinus

Question 11

Normal fate of hymen at birth

Answer 11

Usually perforated

Question 12

Cause of imperforate hymen

Answer 12

Failure of hymenal canalization

Question 13

Most common cause of hematocolpos

Answer 13

Imperforate hymen

Question 14

Embryological defect in transverse vaginal septum

Answer 14

Failure of vertical fusion

Question 15

Vertical fusion occurs between

Answer 15

Müllerian ducts and urogenital sinus

Question 16

Common location of transverse vaginal septum

Answer 16

Upper vagina

Question 17

Most common thickness of transverse vaginal septum

Answer 17

Thin

Question 18

Clinical presentation of transverse vaginal septum

Answer 18

Primary amenorrhea with cyclic pain

Question 19

Difference between imperforate hymen and transverse septum

Answer 19

Hymen at introitus, septum inside vagina

Question 20

Developmental cause of longitudinal vaginal septum

Answer 20

Failure of resorption of fused Müllerian ducts

Question 21

Longitudinal vaginal septum is associated with

Answer 21

Uterine anomalies

Question 22

Most commonly associated uterine anomaly with longitudinal septum

Answer 22

Uterine didelphys

Question 23

Presentation of longitudinal vaginal septum

Answer 23

Dyspareunia or obstructed labor

Question 24

Cause of vaginal agenesis

Answer 24

Failure of Müllerian duct development

Question 25

Syndrome associated with vaginal agenesis

Answer 25

MRKH syndrome

Question 26

Uterus in vaginal agenesis

Answer 26

Absent or rudimentary

Question 27

Ovaries in vaginal agenesis

Answer 27

Normal

Question 28

Secondary sexual characters in vaginal agenesis

Answer 28

Normal

Question 29

Most common vaginal developmental anomaly

Answer 29

Imperforate hymen

Question 30

Most common obstructive vaginal anomaly

Answer 30

Transverse vaginal septum

Question 31

Imaging modality of choice for vaginal anomalies

Answer 31

MRI pelvis

Question 32

Initial screening test for vaginal anomalies

Answer 32

Ultrasound pelvis

Question 33

Associated system anomalies with vaginal defects

Answer 33

Renal anomalies

Question 34

Most common renal anomaly association

Answer 34

Unilateral renal agenesis

Question 35

Treatment of imperforate hymen

Answer 35

Cruciate incision

Question 36

Treatment of transverse vaginal septum

Answer 36

Surgical excision

Question 37

Complication of untreated vaginal obstruction

Answer 37

Hematocolpos, hematometra

Question 38

Hematometra occurs due to accumulation in

Answer 38

Uterus

Question 39

Hematocolpos occurs due to accumulation in

Answer 39

Vagina

Question 40

Key exam differentiation point between septum types

Answer 40

Vertical vs lateral fusion defect

Question 41

Vertical fusion defect leads to

Answer 41

Transverse vaginal septum

Question 42

Lateral fusion defect leads to

Answer 42

Longitudinal vaginal septum

Question 43

Clinical importance of vaginal development anomalies

Answer 43

Menstrual obstruction, infertility, obstetric problems

Question 44

Most important exam pearl in vaginal anomalies

Answer 44

Always evaluate uterus and kidneys