Digestive system

Question 1

Oesophagus

Answer 1

• Muscular tube with sphincter (valve) at each end

- Transports food and fluids from mouth to stomach

Question 2

Stomach

Answer 2

• Stores food

- Mixes food with enzymes to break it down

Question 3

Gall bladder

Answer 3

Stores and concentrates bile from the liver

Question 4

Liver

Answer 4

• Makes bile which is important for digesting and absorbing fat into bloodstream
• Processes nutrients absorbed from small intestine

Question 5

Pancreas

Answer 5

• Makes pancreatic juices called enzymes which break down sugars, fats and starch
• Also makes hormones

Question 6

Duodenum

Answer 6

• First part of small intestine
• After foods mix with stomach acid, they move into duodenum where they mix with bile from gallbladder and digestive juices from pancreas

Question 7

Jejunum

Answer 7

Absorbs sugars, amino acids and fatty acids

Question 8

Ascending colon

Answer 8

Absorbs remaining water and other key nutrients, solidifying it to form stool

Question 9

Ileum

Answer 9

Absorbs any remaining nutrients which don’t get absorbed by jejunum or duodenum, particulary B12

Question 10

Transverse colon

Answer 10

Absorbs water and salts

Question 11

Sigmoid colon

Answer 11

• last section of bowel

- Holds faeces until ready to excrete

Question 12

Rectum

Answer 12

Stores stool until it pushes stool out of anus during bowel movement

Question 13

Anal sphincter

Answer 13

• Group of muscles at end of rectum

- Controls release of stool (maintains incontinence)