Urinary system/ kidneys

Question 1

Kidney

Answer 1

• Removes waste products
• Maintains electrolyte levels
• Regulates blood pressure

Question 2

Adrenal gland

Answer 2

Produces hormones which help regulate your metabolism, immune system, blood pressure, response to stress etc.

Question 3

Ureters

Answer 3

• Carry urine from kidneys to bladder

Question 4

Urethra

Answer 4

• Duct which transmits urine from the bladder to the exterior of body during urination

Question 5

Bladder

Answer 5

• Bladder walls relax and expand to store urine

- Bladder walls contract and flatten to empty urine through the urethra

Question 6

Renal artery

Answer 6

Branches off from lower part of aorta to provide blood supply to the kidneys

Question 7

Renal vein

Answer 7

Main blood vessel which carries blood from kidneys and ureter to the inferior vena cava

Question 8

Renal capsule

Answer 8

• composed of collagen and elastin (fibrous proteins)

- Helps support kidney mass and protects from injury

Question 9

Nephron

Answer 9

Produces urine in process of removing waster and excess substances from blood

Question 10

Nephron loop

Answer 10

Reabsorbs water and sodium chloride from filtrate

Question 11

Glomerulus

Answer 11

Filters plasma to produce glomerular filtrate which passes down nephron tubule to form urine

Question 12

Glomerular (Bowman’s) capsule

Answer 12

• Filtration of blood from glomerular capillaries
• Structurally creates a urinary space through which filtrate enters nephron and passes to the proximal convoluted tubule

Question 13

Collecting duct

Answer 13

• Final component of kidneys

- Collects urine from nephrons and moves it into the renal pelvis and ureters