Digestive System

Question 1

Answer 1

Question 2

Answer 2

Question 3

Answer 3

Question 4

Answer 4

Question 5

Answer 5

Question 6

Answer 6

Question 7

Answer 7

Question 8

Answer 8

Question 9

Answer 9

Question 10

Answer 10

Question 11

What are the 3 processes of digestion?

Answer 11

1. Mechanical digestion
2. Chemical digestion
3. Absorption

Question 12

What are the 2 orgainizational parts to the digestive system?

Answer 12

1. Alimentary Canal - mouth through anus
2. Accessory organs - organs that secrete into the Alimentary canal

Question 13

Name the 4 layers of the GI Tract wall:

Answer 13

1. Mucosa
2. Submucosa
3. Muscularis Externa
4. Serosa

Question 14

Name the 3 layers within the Mucosa:

Answer 14

1. Epithelium
2. Lamina propria
3. Muscularis mucosa

Question 15

Name 4 things / structures that the Submucosa contains:

Answer 15

1. blood
2. nerves
3. glands
4. lymph nodes

Question 16

Name the two smooth muscle layers in found in the Muscularis Externa:

Answer 16

1. Circular layer
2. Longitudinal Layer

Question 17

Name the two serous membranes that cover and connect the organs:

Answer 17

1. Parietal peritoneum
2. Viseral peritoneum

Question 18

Name the function of the Greater Omentum.

Answer 18

Connects the stomach to the transverse colon

Question 19

Name the function of the Lesser Omentum.

Answer 19

Connects the small intestine to the posterior body wall

Question 20

Name the function of the Transverse Mesocolon.

Answer 20

Connects the transverse colon to the body wall.

Question 21

Name 2 function of the mouth:

Answer 21

1. mechanical digestion
2. chemical dgestion

Question 22

What type of cells are found in the mouth?

Answer 22

Stratified Squamous epithealium

Question 23

Name the type of cells found in the Pharynx and Esophagus.

Answer 23

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 24

Name 2 function of the stomach:

Answer 24

1. chemical digestion of proteins
2. mechanical mixing

Question 25

Name 5 structures / cell types found in the stomach:

Answer 25

1. simple columnar epithelium 2. Chief cells 3. Parietal cells 4. Muscularis externa 5. Rugae

Question 26

What is the function of Chief cells?

Answer 26

secretion of **Pepsinogen**

Question 27

What is the function of Parietal cells?

Answer 27

Secretion of **HCl**

Question 28

What is the name of the additional layer of muscle that the muscularis externa has in the stomach?

Answer 28

oblique layer

Question 29

Folds that allow for exspansion of the stomach are called?

Answer 29

**Rugae**

Question 30

Name the 3 section of the small intestine:

Answer 30

1. Duodenum 2. jejunum 3. ileum

Question 31

What are the 2 function of the small intestine?

Answer 31

1. digestion 2. absorption

Question 32

What Name 6 unique cell types / structures found in the small intestine:

Answer 32

1. simple columnar epithealium 2. plicae circulares 3. villi 4. microvilli 5. Brunner's glands 6. Peyer's patches

Question 33

What is the function of Plicae circulares, villi, and microvilli in the small intestine?

Answer 33

They increase the absorptive surface area in the lumen.

Question 34

Brunner's glands secrete \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Answer 34

an alkaline mucus that protects the cells in the small intestine from the acid of the stomach.

Question 35

Peyer's patches contain what that do what?

Answer 35

Lymphocytes for defence

Question 36

Name 2 functions of the large intestine:

Answer 36

1. absorption of water 2. production of vitamin B and K

Question 37

Name the structures in order starting with the entry of the small small intestine and ending with the anus.

Answer 37

cecum, appendix, ascending, transverse, decending, sigmoid colon, rectum, anus

Question 38

What type of cells make up the epithelial surface of the large intestine?

Answer 38

simple columnar epithelium

Question 39

What muscle that attaches to the large intestine causes it to form pockets?

Answer 39

tenia coli

Question 40

What are the pockets in the large intestine called?

Answer 40

haustra

Question 41

What is the dental formula for **deciduous teeth?**

Answer 41

2 incisors, 1 canine, 0 premolars, 2 molars / 2 incisors, 1 canine, 0 premolars, 2 molars X 2 = 20 teeth

Question 42

What is the dental formula for permanent teeth?

Answer 42

2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars, 3 molars ## Footnote / 2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars, 3 molars X 2 = 32 teeth

Question 43

Name the 3 salivary glands found int he mouth:

Answer 43

1. Parotid 2. Submandibular 3. Sublingual

Question 44

What is the function of mucus cells?

Answer 44

secretion of lubricent for food.

Question 45

What is the function of serous cells?

Answer 45

Secretion of salivary amylase

Question 46

What is the function of the liver?

Answer 46

Production of bile

Question 47

Name the 3 structures located in the protal triad:

Answer 47

1. Hipatic portal vein 2. Hipatic Artery 3. Bile duct

Question 48

Name 3 structures found within the liver lobule:

Answer 48

1. central vein 2. sinusoids 3. kupffer cells

Question 49

What is the function of Kupffer cells?

Answer 49

contain / produces macrophages within the sinusoids.

Question 50

What is the function of the Gall Bladder?

Answer 50

Stores bile

Question 51

What is another term for the panreas

Answer 51

the "mixed gland"

Question 52

Name 2 cell types found in the Pancreas:

Answer 52

1. Acini 2. Islets of Langerhans

Question 53

Name 2 substances that Acini cells secrete:

Answer 53

1. digestive enzymes 2. bicarbonate ions

Question 54

Name 2 substances that the Islets of Langerhans secrete:

Answer 54

1. Insulin 2. Glucagon