Respiratory System

Question 1

Name 3 functions of the respiratory system:

Answer 1

1. Exchange of O2 and CO2
2. Filters, moistens and warms incoming air
3. Plays a role in pH buffering of the blood

Question 2

Name the 4 Processes of respiration:

Answer 2

1. Ventilation
2. External Respiration
3. Transport of Gases
4. Internal Respiration

Question 3

Name the 3 Upper Respiratory Structures:

Answer 3

1. Nose
2. Pharynx
3. Larynx

Question 4

List 3 structures found in the nose:

Answer 4

1. Nasal cavity
2. Nasal conchae
3. Paranasal sinuses

Question 5

Name the 3 regions of the Pharynx:

Answer 5

1. Nasopharynx
2. Oropharynx
3. Laryngopharynx

Question 6

Name 2 charictoristics of the Larynx:

Answer 6

1. made up of cartilage
2. contains vocal folds

Question 7

Name the 4 Lower Respiratory Structures:

Answer 7

1. Trachea (
2. Bronchi
3. Bronchioles
4. Alvioli

Question 8

Describe the 4 structural charictoristics of the surface of Trachea:

Answer 8

1. Composed of “Sudo Stratified columnar epithelium”
2. C shaped cartalage
3. Has Cilia
4. Goblet cells

Question 9

Describe the 2 main charictoristics of Bronchi:

Answer 9

1. contains cartilage
2. contains mucus cells

Question 10

Name the defining charictoristic of Bronchioles:

Answer 10

Smooth muscle

Question 11

Name the function and 3 functional charictoristics of Alveoli:

Answer 11

function = gas exchange

1. contains a Resporatory membrain
2. contains pulmonary capillaries
3. is composed of Simple Squamous Epithelium

Question 12

Describe the lobes of the lungs left vs. right

Answer 12

• 3 lobes on the right
• 2 lobes on the left

Question 13

Name the 2 serous membranes that suround the lungs.

Answer 13

1. Visceral Plura (inner membrane)
2. Parietal Plura (outer membrane)

Question 14

Name the two main muscles that control breathing:

Answer 14

1. diaphragm
2. intercostals

Question 15

Name to charictoristic of breathing:

Answer 15

1. contraction and relaxation of muscles
2. changes in pressure

Question 16

Describe Tidal Volume (TV)

Answer 16

• the amount of air exchanged during a resting breath ~ 500mL

Question 17

Describe Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)

Answer 17

• the amount of air inhailed above tidal volume ~ 3100mL

Question 18

Describe Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)

Answer 18

• the amount of air exhailed below tidal volume ~ 1200mL

Question 19

Describe Vital Capacity (VC)

Answer 19

• The amount of air exchanged during a forceful breath ~ 4800mL
• VC = TV + ERV + IRV
• volume based on hight, age, and gender

Question 20

Residual Volume (RV)

Answer 20

• the amount of air always present in the lungs (amount can’t be measured in health adults), but ~ 1000mL on average

Question 21

Total Lung Capasity (TLC)

Answer 21

• The total amount of air possible in the lungs
• TLC = Vital Capasity + Residual Volume

Question 22

Forced Expiratory Volume (FEVtime)

Answer 22

• The amount of air exhailed during a forceful breath in 1 second ~ 85% of VC