1
Q
Diuretics – Definition?
A
Drugs that ↑ urine output by acting on kidneys → remove excess fluid & salts.
2
Q
Classification of Diuretics (with examples)?
A
- Loop diuretics → Furosemide
- Thiazides → Hydrochlorothiazide
- Potassium sparing → Spironolactone
- Osmotic → Mannitol
- Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors → Acetazolamide
3
Q
MOA of Diuretics?
A
Drug intake → Acts on nephron site → Inhibits electrolyte reabsorption → ↑ Na⁺ & water excretion → ↓ Blood volume → ↓ BP / edema
4
Q
Indications of Diuretics?
A
Hypertension | Edema (CHF, renal, hepatic) | Acute pulmonary edema | Raised ICP (Mannitol) | Glaucoma (Acetazolamide)
5
Q
Contraindications of Diuretics?
A
Severe dehydration | Anuria | Electrolyte imbalance | Hepatic coma (spironolactone caution)
6
Q
Side effects of Diuretics?
A
Hypokalemia (loop, thiazide) | Hyperkalemia (spironolactone) | Hypotension | Dehydration | Metabolic acidosis/alkalosis
