what is deoxyribonucleic acid?
DNA
what is ribonucleic acid?
RNA
what are the pairs of DNA?
A T
C G
what are the pairs of RNA?
A U
C G
what is the pentose of RNA and DNA?
RNA - ribose
DNA - deoxyribose
what is the general structure of a DNA nucleotide?
- phosphate group (maintains double helix structure)
- pentose sugar (5 carbons in a ring shape called deoxyribose sugar)
- nitrogenous base (only one that changes - ATCG)
what and how are the nucleotides joined together?
phosphodiester bonds via a condensation reaction.
what is the DNA molecular structure?
a double helix.
what is the molecular structure for RNA?
helix, only single strand.
what is a gene?
a sequence of bases in DNA that codes for a polypeptide or protein.
what does the DNA hold in genes?
genetic information.
what do genes control?
production of protein by transferring genetic information to ribosomes.
what do proteins determine in genetics?
the characteristics of an organism.
