What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Describe the structure and shape of the DNA molecule.
It is a double-stranded molecule in the shape of a double helix.
What is the primary function of DNA?
carry instructions for amino acid sequences (proteins)
What are the monomers that compose DNA called?
Nucleotides
Three components of a single nucleotide
Sugar molecules, phosphate group, nitrogenous base
Four nitrogenous bases in DNA
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, and Cytosine
What base pairs with adenine?
Thymine
What base pairs with cytosine?
Guanine
What base pairs with guanine?
Cytosine
What base pairs with thymine?
Adenine
How many hydrogen bonds between Adenine and Thymine?
2
How many hydrogen bonds between Cytosine and Guanine?
3
What bases are purines? (double ring)
Adenine and Guanine
What two bases are pyrimidines?
Cytosine and Thymine
What proteins does DNA wrap around to form chromosomes
Histone
What is a genome?
All the DNA in the nucleus of a cell
What is a gene?
A segment of DNA that codes for the production of a specific protein
WHat percentage of DNA is considered non-coding
90%
How long is DNA in the nucleus?
2 meters
