DNA & RNA structures

Question 1

The RNA chain is made up of ribose units connected to each other by:

• a. deoxyribose units
• b. hydrogen bridges
• c. oxygen bridges
• d. ester bonds of phosphoric acid

Answer 1

d)

Question 2

included image is an example of:

• a. purine nucleobase
• b. nucleotide
• c. nucleoside
• d. pyrimidine nucleobase

Answer 2

a)

Question 3

All four types of nitrogenous nucleobases: A, T, G, C are part of the building nucleotides:

• a. DNA
• b. simultaneously DNA and RNA
• c. both types of nucleic acids, but in the case of RNA, another type of nitrogenous nucleobase is missing here
• d. RNA

Answer 3

a)

Question 4

In genetic engineering, the term “genetic probe” is defined as:

• a. short, single-stranded, labeled DNA, with a known nucleotide sequence
• b. organism with a fragment of foreign DNA integrated in its genome
• c. plasmid sections with sticky ends
• d. cells without nucleus own with foreign nucleus inserted

Answer 4

a)

Question 5

Between adenine and guanine (A-G):

• a. triple hydrogen bond is produced
• b. hydrogen double bond is produced
• c. no bond is produced because these nucleotides are not complementary
• d. covalent bond is produced

Answer 5

c)

Question 6

N-glycosidic bond occurs between:

• a. sugar and nitrogen nucleobase in nucleoside
• b. phosphorus residues of neighboring nucleotides
• c. nitrogenous nucleobases conditioning the formation of the second order structure of DNA
• d. phosphorus residue and sugar in nucleoside

Answer 6

a)

Question 7

What is wrong regarding Annulate lamellae:

• a. occurring as a set of parallel elements with double same dimensional membranes, have pore complexes
• b. are most common in fertilized pronuclear ova
• c. are closely associated with nuclei
• d. are characteristics for the oocytes
• e. are rare in blastomeres where there is a high turnover of nuclear envelope membranes

Answer 7

e)

Annulate lamellae: is one of the cell membrane classes, occurring as a set of parallel elements with double same dimensional membranes.

• b. are most common in fertilized pronuclear ova
• c. are closely associated with nuclei
• d. are characteristics for the oocytes

Question 8

Carrier proteins facilitate the membrane diffusion of:

all true EXCEPT:

• a. amino acids
• b. sugars
• c. sodium and potassium ions
• d. nucleosides

Answer 8

C)

Carrier proteins facilitate the membrane diffusion of sugars, amino acids and nucleosides.