Echo Pearls

Question 1

Normal

Answer 1

Normal LAP

Question 2

Grade I diastolic Dysfunction (impaired Relaxation)

Answer 2

Normal LAP
E/A ratio <0.8 (reversed
DT >200ms
E/e' >2
valsava dec E/A >0.5

Question 3

Grade II diastolic Dysfunction (Pseudonormal)

Answer 3

moderately elevated filling pressures (elev LAP)
E/A 0.8-1.5 - change with valsalva >0.5
E/e’ septal >15, lat >12
DT 160-200

Question 4

Grade IIIb (irreversible restriction)

Answer 4

No reversibility with valsalva