Editing is the process of..
joining together two or more shots
Editing is the manipulation of what 3 things?
- graphic.. qualities of two or more shots
- tempo… at which these shots change
- timing… of each shot in relationship to other elements of film
Shot Transition
The use of editing techniques to indicate the end of one scene and the beginning of another
Shot Transition “Straight Cut”
Splicing of one shot to another without using any particular device
- abrupt inexplicable shift in time and space of an action
Shot Transition “Fade In”
- gradual lightening of the image from black to normal
Shot Transition “Fade Out”
- gradual darkening of the image until it becomes black
Shot Transition “Dissolve” aka overlapping / lap dissolve
- preceding shot gradually disappears as new scene gradually takes preceding scene’s place.
Shot Transition “Iris In”
- Starts in darkness
- Expanding circle of light
Shot Transition “Iris Out”
- Starts in scene
- Shrinking circle of light
Shot Transition “Wipe”
- Scene A gradually replaces Scene B by moving them of frame. This occurs in an infinite range of shapes
Continuity Editing
1900-1910
- ensures narrative continuity
- creates smooth flow (invisible editing)
- Main Aim - Create an illusion of continuous space and time
180 degree rule - what is it and what kind of consistency does it establish?
Filming must remain on same side of action for the rest of scene
- consistency in eye lines, screen direction, space of scene
Editing Matches in Continuity Editing: Eye-line match
Uses a character’s line of sight to motivate the cut
- clarifies spatial relationships
Editing Matches in Continuity Editing: Direction Match
- person or object is moves in one continuous motion across scenes
- person a exits frame left, must enter new scene from right
Editing Matches in Continuity Editing: Movement Match
action begun in one shot is continued or completed in next shot
Editing Matches in Continuity Editing: Graphic Match
- Any juxtaposition of graphically similar images – composition/ structure/ similar shapes
Editing Matches in Continuity Editing: Rhythmic Match
- any juxtaposition of images with actions moving at similar rates of speed
Standard Shot Pattern
- Establishing Shot
- Master Shot
- Shot / Reverse Shot
Establishing Shot
- typically long or extreme long shot
- near beginning of film/sequence/scene
- broad view (mimics perception)
Master Shot
- single shot that contains the whole scene
Cross Cut
editing that alternates shots of two or more lines of action occurring simultaneously in two different places
Parallel Cut
editing of two or more lines of action with no temporal connection between them.
- used for associated/ symbolic purposes
Shot/ Reverse Shot
- typically in conversation
- 180 degree rule used
- two shots linked
Tempo is affected by two factors..
- the length of each shot
- type of shot transition
