Electricity

Question 1

ELECTRONS

Answer 1

A tiny particle which is part of an atom. They are found outside the nucleus, have negligible mass and are negatively charged.

Question 2

ELECTRIC FIELD

Answer 2

A region where an electric charge experiences a force. There is an electric field around any electric charge.

Question 3

CIRCUIT

Answer 3

A closed loop of conductors connected between the positive and negative terminals of a battery or power supply.

Question 4

AMMETER

Answer 4

A meter that measures the size of an electric current in a circuit.

Question 5

IN SERIES

Answer 5

A way of connecting electric components so that all in a single loop. The charges pass through them all in turn.

Question 6

IN PARALLEL

Answer 6

A way of connecting electric components that makes a branch (or branches) in the circuit so that charges can flow round more than one loop.

Question 7

VOLTAGE

Answer 7

The marking on a battery or power supply is a measure of the ‘push it exerts on charges in an electric circuit. The ‘voltage’ between two points in a circuit means the ‘potential difference’ between these points.

Question 8

RESISTANCE

Answer 8

This property of a component in an electric circuit indicates how easy or difficult it is to push charges through it.

Question 9

OHM’S LAW

Answer 9

The result that the current, I, through a resistor, R, is proportional to the voltage, V, across the resistor, provided its temperature remains the same.

Question 10

VOLTMETER

Answer 10

A meter that measures the amount of voltage used.

Question 11

What is direct current (DC)?

Answer 11

One way flow electrical charge

Question 12

What is alternative current (AC)?

Answer 12

A flow of electrical charge where the electrons switched directions so I can go either way

Question 13

What is an energy efficient lightbulb?

Answer 13

A lightbulb which wastes less energy through heat so is brighter even though it has less watts of power

Question 14

What is power?

Answer 14

The rate in which energy is transferred

Question 15

Where does the voltmeter go?

Answer 15

In parallel with the component

Question 16

What direction does conventional current flow?

Answer 16

Anticlockwise from the positive terminal to the negative terminal

Question 17

Which direction does an electron current flow?

Answer 17

Clockwise from the negative terminal to the positive terminal

Question 18

If the voltage in a parallel circuit is 4, what is the voltage at each component?

Answer 18

4

Question 19

If voltage on a serious circuit, it is six what is the voltage at each component?

Answer 19

Depending on how many components there are it splits eh if there’s 2 the voltage would be 3

Question 20

What is the two rules in a series circuit?

Answer 20

The current is the same through each component
The potential difference of the power is shared between the components

Question 21

What are the two rules of a parallel circuit?

Answer 21

The total current split between the components on different loops
The potential difference is the same across each loop. This is also equal to the power supply’s potential difference.

Question 22

What is potential difference the same as?

Answer 22

Volts

Question 23

What is charges the same as?

Answer 23

electrons the charge is the current flowing past a point in a given time measured in coulombs

Question 24

What is an electrical current?

Answer 24

The flow electrons (charges) around an electrical circuit. The rate of flow is measured in amps. to be current, the electrons have to be moving.

Question 25

Why do metals conduct electricity?

Answer 25

Metals form giant structures in which electrons in the outer shells of the atoms are free to move. This can be described as a sea of electrons. The free electrons carry charge towards a positive terminal

Question 26

What do ammeters do in a circuit?

Answer 26

Cancel electrons and controls the speed they move up 

Question 27

What are the steps of a national grid?

Answer 27

power station Step up transformer (increases voltage to 275000V) Pylons and transmission cables Step down transformer (reduces voltage to 230V) Domestic use

Question 28

What do step up transformers do?

Answer 28

Increase voltage so the current can be low this reduces energy lost as heat (voltage increases so current can decrease) Primary coil to secondary coil

Question 29

What do step down Transformers do?

Answer 29

Reduce voltage to a safe level for domestic use (Secondary coil to primary coil)

Question 30

In a three pin plug,, what did the different wires do?

Answer 30

The Earth wire-yellow, and green-is the safety wire The neutral wire-blue-takes used electrons back to the national grid ti complete the circuit Live wire-brown-provides the potential difference from the mains

Question 31

What is an LDR?

Answer 31

an LDR is dependent on light intensity in bright light the resistance decreases and at night the resistance increases

Question 32

What is a thermistor?

Answer 32

A thermistor is a temperature dependent resistor if it is hot the resistance decreases if it is cold the resistance increases

Question 33

What is the graph of I-V characteristics for an ohmic conductor?

Answer 33

The current is directly proportional to the potential difference. It is a straight line at a constant temperature.

Question 34

What is the graph of I-V characteristics for a filiment lamp?

Answer 34

As the current increases so does the temperature this makes it harder for the current flow the graph becomes less steep

Question 35

What is the graph of I-V characteristics for a diode?

Answer 35

Current only flows in one direction the resistance is very high in the other direction which means no current can flow