What is the habitable zone “Goldilocks zone”
Habitable zone is the area around a star where it’s not too hot and not too cold for liquid water to exist on the surface of planets.
The distance the earth orbits the sun is right for water to remain liquid.
What do the terms interdependence, cryosphere and the pedosphere
Interdependence- the mutual dependence between things
Cyrosphere- ice system
Pedosphere- soil system
Why is carbon important
Carbon economic activities such as fossil fuels and oil
Respiration/ photosynthesis create proteins and carbohydrates for plants
Role in regulating climate change
Origins of life (flora and fauna)
Describe the global carbon cycle
The global carbon cycle is closed system
What is a short statement describing the distribution of the worlds carbon
Worlds carbon is heavily accumulated and stores in the lithosphere so sedimentary rocks- 99.9% of the total carbon.
The rest of the carbon is distributed in other locations such as carbonate ions, soils and living plants and animals.
Describe the distribution of the worlds carbon
The global water store is mainly stored in the hydrosphere such as oceans. The rest is found in other locations such as 0.001% in the atmosphere.
What are some key terms in the hydrological cycle and their definitions
Infiltration- relates to speed at which water enters the soil
Percolation- the filtering down of water through cracks faults or pores in the rock
Groundwater- movement of water under the surface
Describe the water cycle on a global and local scale
Global scale the water cycle is a closed system due to movement between atmosphere, oceans land and biosphere
Local scale the water cycle is an open system.
What are some stores in the water cycle
Oceans, clouds, leaves, ice and snow
What is advection and the process
Advection is horizontal movement of a wind over a cooler surface
- Warm air evaporates water from an ocean store
- This water is forced upwards and cools and condenses
- This condensation reached a critical point as causes relief rainfall
- As the air is forced upwards it cools and condenses
- The area leeward of precipitation is called a rain shadow
What is conventional rainfall and the process
- Sun heats the land sea and air above
- Warm air rises, cools and condenses forming clouds
- Rain can then occur
What is the phreatic zone
Permanently saturated zone within solid rocks and sediments
What is the difference between an aquifer and an aquiclude
Aquifers are layers of permeable rocks with water, aquaclude are impermeable rocks
What is groundwater recharge
Recharged by rainwater which percolates through soil - water table replenished
What is the environmental lapse rate
The vertical temperature profile of the lower atmosphere at any given time- average temperature falls by 6.5 degrees for every KM or height gained.
