Endocrine

Question 1

Hyperthyroidism

Answer 1

• Grave’s Disease
• Increased sympathetic activity
• Heat intolerance
• Weight loss
• palpitations
• hyper-reflexia
• Afib, CH, MI
  **F 20-40 yo

Question 2

Hypothyroidism

Answer 2

• Hashimoto’s
• Type 1: decreased hormone secretion
• Type 2: decreased TSH
• weight gain, cold intolerance, hair loss, depression, CTS, anemia
• Forgetfulness, myxedema, coma/death
  ** F 30-60

Question 3

Hyperparathyroidism

Answer 3

• increased secretion of parathyroid hormone –> hypercalcemia
• bone decalcification
• weakness/fatuge
• peptic ulcer, pancreatitis
• renal calculi
• memory, depression, personality changes
  *** F>60 yo

Question 4

Hypoparathyroidism

Answer 4

• decreased secretion –> hypocalcemia
• muscle weakness, pain, tetany
• Trousseau sign (carpal spasm)
• Chvostek sign (facial spasm)
• arryhtmia
• seizure
• acute: life threatening

Question 5

what does the adrenal gland release

Answer 5

cortisol: “stress hormone”
Aldosterone: essential for Na+ and water re-absorption

Question 6

Cushing Syndrome

Answer 6

• Hyperfunctioning of adrenal cortex (or excess corticosteroid med)
• MORE CUSH
• Moon face
• Osteoporosis
• Retention of water
• elevated BP
• central obesity
• unusal menstruation
• skin striae
• hypernatremia/hyperglycemia

Question 7

Addisions disease

Answer 7

• hypofuncitoning of adrenal cortex
• BROWN HANDS
• brown pigmentation
• reduced strength
• orthostatic hypotension
• weight loss
• neurosis
• hyponatremia
• anorexia
• nausea
• dehydration
• sudden death

Question 8

metabolic syndrome diagnosis requires 3 or more of the following:

Answer 8

• men waist >40 in; women waist > 35 in
• triglycerides >150 or using cholesterol med
• low HDL (women <50, men <40)
• 135 or higher/85 or higher
• fasting plasma glucose 100 or higher