- largest major endocrine gland - stores 2-3 months of thyroid hormone (TH, thyroglobulin) - TH is the body's main metabolic homrone - consists of follicular cells and parafollicular cells

secretes parathyroid hormone (PTH) - which raises blood calcium - water-soluble hormone

Endocrine Cont Flashcards by alexis susino

RH (releasing hormones)

releasing hormones produced by the hypothalamus that stimulate the anterior pituitary to release a particular hormone

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IH (inhibiting hormones)

inhibiting hormone produced by hypothalamus inhibit anterior pituitary from secreting a particular hormone

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Adenohypophysis

anterior pituitary

-the hypophyseal portal veins is the vascular connection between the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary

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The hypothalamus makes 7 hormones that are transported by the ______ to the _____

hypophyseal portal veins

2. anterior pituitary

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The anterior pituitary responds to RHs by secretion of the following 6 hormones

hGH (human growth hormone, growth of body cells)
TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone, thyroid gland)
FSH (follicle stimulating hormone, gamete production)
LH (luteinizing hormone, gonadal hormone production)
PRL (prolactin, milk production)
ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone, adrenal cortex)

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Thyroid gland

largest major endocrine gland
stores 2-3 months of thyroid hormone (TH, thyroglobulin)
TH is the body’s main metabolic homrone
consists of follicular cells and parafollicular cells

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The Thyroid gland consists of 2 different kinds of hormone-secreting cells

Follicular cells- make, store, and secrete TH (lipid-soluble hormone)
Parafollicular cells- make calcitonin (water- soluble)

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Thyroid Hormone (TH) is a mixture of T3 and T4

T3- (triiodothyronine) has 3 iodines attached to cross-linked tyrosines
T4- (thyroxine) has 4 iodines attached to cross-linked tyrosines

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Effects of TH (T3 and T4)

Increase basal metabolic rate (BMR)
Maintains BP (blood pressure)
Regulates normal growth and development

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Effects of water-soluble Calcitonin

Lowers blood calcium

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Parathyroid Gland

secretes parathyroid hormone (PTH)

which raises blood calcium
water-soluble hormone

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Adrenal Gland consists of

Adrenal Cortex- secretes steroids (lipid-soluble)

- Adrenal Medulla- secretes water-based hormones

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Adrenal Cortex

produces many steroids (lipid-soluble)
-outer layer of adrenal gland
consists of:
-zona glomerulosa
-zona fasiculata
-zona reticularis

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Adrenal Cortex consists of

Zona Glomerulosa- secretes mainly mineralocorticoids, mainly aldosterone
Zona Fasiculata- secretes glucocorticoids, mainly cortisol
Zona Reticularis- secretes androgens

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Adrenal Medulla

secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine (NE)

-innner layer of adrenal gland

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Pancreas

Study These Flashcards

Both and endocrine and exocrine gland
-99% of cells are acinar cells- produce digestive enzymes
-1% of cells help regulate blood glucose:
alpha cells- make glucagon
beta cells- make insulin