1
Q
“The seed of the energy crisis lies in tomatoes.”
A
It’s a metaphorical way of saying that the energy crisis has far-reaching effects beyond just fuel prices –> extending even to the basic goods like tomatoes.
2
Q
utterly
A
completely/ extremely
3
Q
entangled
A
intertwined
4
Q
a bill
A
a new law proposal
5
Q
indulge
A
spoil
6
Q
crop
A
cultivation/ the total amout collected of a plant, grown in large amounts
7
Q
cavernous
A
hollow/ big/ if something is cavernous, there’s a very large open space inside it
8
Q
hydroponic substrate
A
water-based nutrient surface
9
Q
clip
A
speed
10
Q
Why is the tomato quite literally a fossil fuel product?
A
Due to the heavy dependence of nitrogenbased fertilisers and boilers, that are used to grow tomatoes, on natural gas.
11
Q
columnist
A
writer/ publisher
12
Q
to tot up
A
to add up
13
Q
bug
A
problem
14
Q
“They failed to notice the bug at the very heart of conventional economics.”
A
They didn’t notice any major problem at the core of traditional economic ideas.
15
Q
blithely
A
hapily/ without concerns
16
Q
the foggiest
A
no idea whatsoever
17
Q
to confect
A
to make (up)
18
Q
solvency
A
ability to pay debts
19
Q
a prospect
A
a possibility
20
Q
prudent
A
careful and avoiding risks/ sensible
21
Q
much-vaunted
A
famous/ talked about a lot
22
Q
derisive
A
mocking
23
Q
to prohibit
A
to officially forbid something/ to ban
24
Q
to incite
A
to encourage (someone to do or feel something unpleasant)
25
incitement
initiation
26
imminent
near/ close
27
tangibly
concretely
28
"Unlimited tolerance must lead to the disappearance of tolerance."
If we tolerate everything, then intolerance will grow and eventually wipe out freedom and tolerance altogether.
29
onslaught
assault/ attack
30
utterance
speeche
31
"We should therefor claim, in the name of tolerance, the right not to tolerate the intolerant."
In order to protect a tolerant society, we must sometimes refuse to accept those who promote intolerance. It suggests that unlimited tolerance can lead to the rise of intolerance, which can ultimately destroy tolerance itself.
32
contemorary
(existing or happening now, and therefore seeming) modern
33
axiomatic
obviously true/ self-evident
34
oppression
a situation in which people are governed in an unfair way and prevented from having opportunities and freedom
35
to persevere
to keep going
36
to reconcile
to reunite
37
pernicious
damaging
38
reconciliation
reunion
39
"There will be a time when reconciliation is further along, when the wounds of the past have been addressed and we have a more cohesive society."
In the future, society wille have made more progress in healing past conflicts, injustices or division. The pain and harm from the past will have been acknowledged and dealt with leading to a more united and harmonious community.
40
obituary
notice of someone's death
41
a resurgence
a revival
42
bargaining
discussions between people in order to reach an agreement on something/ negotiation
43
bipartisan
consisting of/ supported by 2 political parties
44
red-hot labor market
the job market is extremely active and competitive
45
unburdened
relieved
46
against the backdrop
on the background
47
to hamper
to impede
48
demagoguery
political methods that convince people by emotion, rather than by having good or morally right ideas
49
tarnished
stained
50
gleaming
glowing bright and shiny
51
haze
cloud
52
"These countries have been well and truly 'sport-washed'."
These countries are using sports to improve their image and distract people from negative things.
53
vernacular
common language used especially in informal situations
54
inference
conclusion
55
authoritarian
strict
56
serve to launder
it is used to clean up
57
presumptuous
overbearing/ conceited
58
readily
quickly/ immediately/ easily
59
"Despite the power of sport, which is in fact often overstated, it is insufficient to induce amnesia in the collective memory."
Even though sort is powerful (sometimes people say it's even more powerful than it actually is), it's not enough to completely forget important or painful things from the past.
60
to overstate
to overestimate/ to exaggerate
61
enthralling
fascinating
62
to erode
to affect/ to damage
63
nagging
complaining/ criticizing
64
constituent
a part/ one of the parts of something much bigger
65
to conceive
to image something/ how people think of a country
66
a conjecture
a surmise/ guess
67
the intent
intention/ purpose
68
deriberately
intentionally/ slowly/ carefully
69
to deceive
to mislead/ trick/ fool
70
to divert
to distract
71
to obscure
to hide
72
condemnation
conviction/ expression of a very strong disapproval
73
vehemence
force/ eagerness/ passion
74
scrutiny
examination/ investigation/ control
75
to conflate
to connect
76
deceit
lying/ fraught
77
to exert
to apply
78
to perturb
to worry/ to disturb
79
to condemn
to criticize something (-one) strongly
80
to abrogate
to withdraw/ to recall
81
to emphasize
to highlight/ point out
82
"The toughest challenges for cryptocurrency lie ahead, not in the rear-view mirror"
The hardest challenges for cryptocurrency are still coming, they're not behind us
83
high-water mark
refers to the highest level of succes
84
orbit
group
85
drawdown
reduction
86
volatility
change
87
"could be justified as the expectedly bumpy price discovery process of an important brand-new asset class."
could be explained as the rough, but expected process of figuring out the value of a new and important type of investment.
88
profound
great/ intense
89
to contemplate
considering
90
allocation
division/ share
91
wary
sceptically
92
dazzling
brilliant/ impressive
93
"After a dazzling first decade, bitcoin has become a somewhat troubled teenager."
After an impressive first 10 years, bitcoin is now going through some growing pains.
94
heady
exciting
95
equity
fairness/ share
96
commodities
a product
97
bond
obligation/ official paper given by the government or company to show that you have lent them money that they will pay back at a particular interest rate
98
empirical
based on what is experienced or seen, rather than on theory
99
blockchain
a system used to make a digital record of all the occasions a cryptocurrency is bought or sold
100
ethereum
a type of cryptocurrency that lets people build apps and smart contracts on its platform
101
spearheading
leading
102
overblown
exaggerated
103
conventional
traditional/ ordinary
104
decentralized frameworks
a system where control is spread out instead of being in 1 place, so no single person or company is in charge
105
illicit activity
illegal activity
106
to launder
to whitewash
107
sanction evasion
avoiding a punishment
108
rouble
money used in Russia
109
soaring
rising very quickly
110
tumbling
to fall quickly/ uncontrolably
111
impunity
freedom from being punished/ with disaprovement
112
redundant
unnecessary
113
commonplace
familiar/ usual
114
tremendous
extreme/ enormous
115
prohibition
when something is officially not allowed
116
prominent
very well known and important/ famous
117
by no means
not at all
118
momentum
the quality that keeps an event developing or making progress
119
risk-adjusted return
The return of an investment in relation to the risk
120
proof-of-work vs proof-of-stake
2 ways to validate transactions in the blockchain. 1st one consumes a lot of energy, the 2nd is more energy efficient
121
stablecoin
a cryptocurrency whose value is linked to a fixed currency, such as the dollar, to limit price fluctuations
122
CBDC
Central Bank Digital Currency: a digital version of an official national currency, issued by a central bank (such as ECB or FED)
123
fine per offence
penalty per violation
124
to fiddle
to play/ to tamper/ to adjust the settings
125
to wade
to pass through
126
baffling (explanations)
confusing/ explanations they don't understand
127
to draw
to depend on
128
to comply
to obey/ to follow
129
concerted effort
collaborative effort
130
a spur
a reason
131
an all-encompassing internet content behemoth
a huge complicated system or law that tries to control or manage everything related to content on the internet
132
to denounce
to criticize
133
nebulous
vague/ not clear
134
encryption
cipher/ encoding
135
unwittingly
accidentally/ not on purpose
136
legislation
law
137
enforcement
when people have to obey a law or rule
138
"In its zeal to tackle troubling content..."
The government is very passionate about trying to stop harmful content online
139
"...the government has tried to hammer legislative pegs into societal holes..."
the government is trying to fix complex social problems with laws that don't really fit/ work
140
unbowed by
not defeated/ discouraged
141
senator
a politician who has been elected to a Senate
142
frail
weak/ fragile/ vulnerable
143
competence
the ability to do something well/ skill/ capability
144
deleterious
bad
145
"...like getting stuck in neutral..."
feeling stuck, unable to make progress
146
"...not being able to get in gear."
suggets difficulty starting or enaging fully with work
147
"Why not hand over the reins..."
to give up control or leadership
148
"... when doubts surface - either one's own or those of others - about continuing?"
when uncertainty or concerns arise - whether it's an individual feeling or not
149
to extol
to praise something or someone very much
150
sequences
a series of developmental tasks
151
to deteriorate
to become worse
152
amid
between/ during
153
unfettered
unrestrained/ unlimited
154
to agglomerate
to put together
155
to pollute
to make dirty/ to damage/ to contaminate
156
to exploit
to use something -one to make profit
157
a proponent
a supporter
158
indispensable
essential
159
"government overreach would lead us down 'The Road to Serfdom'"
If the government gains to much control over the economy, it would lead to a loss of freedom
160
to amass
to earn/ to collect
161
to exact
to demand/ to insist
162
a steep price
a high price/ it costs a lot
163
a grave consequence
a big outcome
164
an acolyte
a follower
165
economic vagaries
economic fluctuations
166
authoritarianism
the belief that people must obey completely and not be allowed freedom to act as they wish
167
a surge
a strong increase
168
to ascribe
to connect/ to attribute
169
discontent fester
unhappiness or dissatisfaction grows worse over time
170
a fertile field
an ideal situation
171
"This provides a fertile field for populist demagogues..."
The conditions are perfect for manipulative leaders to gain support by appealing to emotions and making big promises.
172
ample supply
large selection
173
to flourish
to grow/ develop succesfully
174
Champions
supporters
175
a trade-off
giving up one thing to get another
176
a corporation
a company
177
burdensome
difficult
178
a downturn
a decrease/ decline
179
a bailout
a rescue operation
180
to curtail
to limit
181
to shirk
to avoid
182
compulsion
a very strong feeling of wanting to prevent the free-riding
183
prosperity
profit
184
crony capitalism
an economic system in which family members and friends of government officials and business leaders are given unfair advantages
185
to entail
to bring with
186
duties
import/ export taxes
187
steep duties
high import taxes
188
"The train of EU-China relations is derailing in slow motion."
The relationship between the EU and China is slowly getting worse.
189
"By anouncing steep duties on Chinese electric vehicles, Brussels has urged Beijing to do some long-overdue track repairs to avert a massive crash."
By placing high taxes on Chinese EV's, the EU is sending a strong warning: fix your unfair trade practices before things get out of control. If China doesn't take action, the situation could lead to a serious conflict.
190
barring
conditionally
191
to flag
to point out
192
to retaliate
to take revenge
193
to seek
to try
194
to counter
to react
195
to engage
to involve
196
root
cause
197
to have kowtowed
to have believed
198
to avert
to avoid/ to prevent
199
retaliation
revange
200
shuttle diplomacy
discussions between 2(+) countries, in which someone travels between different countries
201
to backtrack
to pull back
202
hot potato
is used when it's an uncomfortable topic
203
"The Commission does not want to introduce tariffs for the sake of introducing tariffs..."
The EU isn't adding tariffs just to be mean or start a trade fight. They're doing so only because it believes there's a justified reason: unfair subsidies on EV's.
204
to overhaul
to renew
205
a resolve
a solution
206
to dole out
to hand out/ to distribute
207
municipal level
local level
208
probe
research
209
proprietary technology
a company's own technology
210
pivotal
crucial/ important
211
sufficiently
enough
212
inquities
questions
213
keenly
strong/ very much
214
to sweep the broom
to undertake a thorough clean-up or reform of its subsidy practices
215
manufacturing production
industrial production
216
leverage
influence/ power
217
transgressive
offending
218
a perpetrator
the one who did it/ the cause
219
rules of conduct
rules of behaviour
220
to a larger extent
a lot/ largely
