EOC Document

Question 1

61.123 - Eligibility Requirements

Answer 1

Age: At least 18 years of age Read, speak, write, and understand English

Question 2

61.125 - Logbook endorsement for knowledge/ground requirements

Answer 2

61.125 - Pass knowledge test

Question 3

61.129 - Logbook endorsement for flight training and ready for practical

Answer 3

61.129 - Meet aeronautical experience requirements Hold at least a PPL / Part 141 must hold instrument rating

Question 4

141 - Appendix D

Answer 4

35 hours of ground 120 hours of flight 10 hours of hood time 10 hours of complex One 2 hour XC day (100nm straight) One 2 hour XC night (100nm straight) 10 hours solo One XC, three landing points, with 250nm straight line 5 hour VFR night 10 takeoff/landings at night with control tower with lap in pattern

Question 5

61.23(a)(c) - Medical

Answer 5

A person must hold at least a second-class medical certificate when exercising the privileges of a commercial pilot certificate

Question 6

Part 67 - Medical Standards and Certification

Answer 6

• Subpart B - First Class
• Subpart C - Second Class

Question 7

Currency

Answer 7

Currency is legality, is the condition in which a pilot meets the recent flight experience requirements specified by the FAA, allowing them to legally act as pilot in command of an aircraft.

Question 8

Flight Review

Answer 8

within the last 24 months, minimum of 1 hour ground / 1 hour flight conducted by CFI. Can be substituted for proficiency check, practical (new rating or certificate), FAA WINGS, CFI renewal - ground only

Question 9

Passenger Carry 61.57 (a)(b)

Answer 9

Day - 3 TO/L preceding 90 days in same category, class, type (full stop for tail-wheel) Night - 3 TO/L preceding 90 days in the same category, class, type. Must be full stop and 1 hour after sunset and 1 hour before sunrise

Question 10

Instrument Currency 61.57(c)

Answer 10

6 months - 6 HITS Additional 6 months - Safety pilot or CFI in simulated instrument conditions After 12 months - IPC with CFII and includes tasks from ACS 61.57(d)

Question 11

PROFICIENCY

Answer 11

For commercial operations, proficiency means consistently demonstrating the knowledge, judgement, and flight skills required for operations and applicable ACS standards to conduct flight safely, efficiently, and without supervision

Question 12

Record Keeping

Answer 12

61.51 - Pilot Logbooks

Question 13

61.51 - Pilot Logbooks

Answer 13

(a) Training time and aeronautical experience Meet the requirements for a certificate, rating, or flight review Meet recent flight experience

Question 14

Logbook entries

Answer 14

requires pilots to make logbook entries for each flight or training session that include the date, aircraft or simulator used, flight time, type of flight or training, and conditions

Question 15

Solo time

Answer 15

Pilot is sole occupant of aircraft

Question 16

PIC time

Answer 16

Pilot is sole manipulator of controls

Question 17

Instrument time

Answer 17

Flying solely by reference to instruments in simulated or actual conditions

Question 18

Training time

Answer 18

Time received from an authorized instructor in an aircraft, simulator, or flight training device.

Question 19

PRIVILEGES - 61.133

Answer 19

Carrying person or property for compensation For compensation or hire

Question 20

LIMITATIONS - 61.133

Answer 20

Carriage of passengers for hire in airplanes on XC flights in excess of 50nm or at night is prohibited - with no IFR rating

Question 21

AC 120-12A - Private vs Common Carriage

Answer 21

AC 120-12A explains how the FAA interprets “carriage” which is not fully defined in the FARs

Question 22

PRIVATE CARRIAGE - AC 120-12A

Answer 22

For-hire transportation without offering services to the general public Does not involve holding out a willingness to provide transportation to just anyone who asks Specific customers under contract, if there are too many contracts (suggesting willingness to serve anyone) operation could be seen as common carriage Private carriage is for one or several selected customers, generally on a long term basis No strict regulatory maximums - FAA evaluates the nature and character of operations, not number on contracts Historically, 3 or fewer contracts (18-24 is considered common carriage) Contact FSDO for clarification

Question 23

COMMON CARRIAGE - AC 120-12A

Answer 23

Willingness to transport Person or property From place to place For compensation Part 121 and 135

Question 24

Holding Out

Answer 24

Occurs when a person or company offers to provide air transportation to the public or a segment of the public indicating a willingness to transport persons/property who requests services for compensation

Question 25

Quiet Charter

Answer 25

“Quiet charter” is not a formal regulatory term, but it is a well-recognized FAA enforcement concept explained and supported by AC 120-12A (Private Carriage vs. Common Carriage). It describes a situation where an operator claims private carriage but is actually conducting common carriage without advertising.

Question 26

What the FAA Means by “Quiet Charter”

Answer 26

a quiet charter occurs when an operator Claims the flights are private carriage Does not advertise publicly BUT still demonstrates a willingness to carry anyone who asks, or anyone who meets vague criteria In FAA eyes, this is still holding out.

Question 27

Quiet Charter Indicators (FAA Red Flags)

Answer 27

according to AC 120-12A interpretations, FAA inspectors look for: Accepting trips from unrelated third parties No meaningful limitation on who may charter the aircraft Pricing per trip or per seat Flights arranged through brokers or “connectors” Repeated compensation from different customers Statements like: “We don’t advertise” “We only fly referrals” “We’re invite-only” The FAA has repeatedly said these do not defeat holding out.

Question 28

Regulatory Consequence

Answer 28

When the FAA determines an operation is a quiet charter: Part 91 protection is lost Operation is reclassified as common carriage Required certificate becomes: Part 135 (small aircraft) Part 121 (large aircraft) Flights conducted without a certificate are treated as illegal charter

Question 29

❌ Quiet Charter (Illegal)

Answer 29

Operator says: “We don’t advertise”, “We only fly people we know” But: Accepts trips from anyone referred, flies unrelated passengers, charges per flight FAA conclusion: Holding out exists, this is common carriage, Illegal without Part 135/121

Question 30

✅ Legitimate Private Carriage

Answer 30

Operator: Has contracts with a defined, limited group; refuses trips outside that group; does not vary pricing per customer FAA conclusion: No holding out, private carriage allowed