ep - CV system

Question 1

what is the CV system

Answer 1

double circulatory system

Question 2

what are the two systems within the CV system

Answer 2

plumonary circulation
systemic circulation

Question 3

what is pulmonary circulation

Answer 3

the right side of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the muscles and other tissue and pumps it to the lungs for oxygenation

Question 4

what is systemic circulation

Answer 4

left side of heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the muscles and other tissues of the body

Question 5

what is cardiovasular tissue classified as

Answer 5

myogenic

Question 6

what does myogenic mean

Answer 6

it can generate its own electrical impulses and does not require stimulation by the brain

Question 7

what are the 4 stages of the cardiac cycle

Answer 7

• atrial diastole
• ventricular diatole
• atrial systole
• ventricular systole

Question 8

what is diastole

Answer 8

heart realxing and fillinf with blood

Question 9

what is systole

Answer 9

heart relaxing and forcing blood around two circuits

Question 10

what is the sequence of the cardiac cycle

Answer 10

• cardiac diastole
• SA node fires
• causing atrial systole
• impulse delayed at AV node
• impulse bases through bundle of his and bundle branches
• impulse pases purkinje fibres
• causing ventricular diastole

Question 11

how much blood does an adult have

Answer 11

5 litres

Question 12

what does blood consist of

Answer 12

red blood cells, white blood cells, platlets and plasma

Question 13

what is venous return

Answer 13

the flow of blood that returns to heart via the venules and veins

Question 14

during exercise does venous return increase or decrease

Answer 14

increase

Question 15

what are the 4 processes the body has to to increase blood flow back to the heart

Answer 15

• skeletal muscle pump
• pocket valves
• respitory pump
• cardiac suction

Question 16

what is the skeletal muscle pump

Answer 16

skeletal muscles compress the viens during movement, they force blood back towards the heart

Question 17

what are pocket valves

Answer 17

assist venous return by stopping blackflow of bood

Question 18

what is that respitory pump

Answer 18

when ihaling, the pressure inside the thoratic cavity decreases compared to the rest of the body. causing a small flow of blood towards the chest

Question 19

what is cardiac suction

Answer 19

as ventricles contract, the atrio-ventricular valves are pulled down increasing size of atria. causing a pressure difference, sucking blood towards the heart

Question 20

formula for cardiac output

Answer 20

cardiac output = Stroke volume x heart rate

Question 21

what is stroke volume

Answer 21

the volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle per beat

Question 22

what is cardiac output

Answer 22

the volume of the blood pumped out of the heart per minute

Question 23

what is starlings law

Answer 23

cardiac output is dependent on the extensibility of caridac muscle fibres

Question 24

what is ejection fraction

Answer 24

the percenage of blood pumped out of the left ventricle each beat

Question 25

what is cardiovasular drift

Answer 25

a drifitn gupwards of heart rate when exercising at a constant work rate over a prolongued period or in a ho environment

Question 26

what is blood pressure

Answer 26

force exerted by the blood on the inside walls of the blood vessels

Question 27

what are the two measuremens on a blood pressure reading

Answer 27

systolic blood pressure/ diastolic blood pressure

Question 28

what are the 6 physiological factors affecting blood pressure

Answer 28

- blood volume - stroke volume - heart rate - blood viscosity - blood vessel length and diameter - blood vessel elasticity

Question 29

aerobic exercises effect on blood pressure

Answer 29

systolic pressure increases

Question 30

anaerobic exercise effects on blood pressure

Answer 30

systolic and diastolic pressures increase dramatically