etc

Question 1

what happens after Krebs

Answer 1

nothing left of glucose but CO2 molecules and electrons on the NADH & FADH2 molecules.

These electron carriers result from the RedOx reactions in the Krebs’ Cycle

Question 2

what would we see if we zoomed in the inner mitochondrial membrane?

Answer 2

we would see it is a layer of phospholipids with some gateway proteins sticking in it - just like a regular cell membrane.

Question 3

first few steps of the electron transport chain

Answer 3

• proteins shuttle electrons from one protein to another, as electrons move through proteins they change shape
• causes protons to be pumped from the matrix to the inner membrane space (between outer and inner)
• creates high concentration of protons in inner membrane space, it can only come back (high to low) to the matrix through a special channel ATP Synthase

Question 4

What is ATP synthase doing

Answer 4

When H+ go through this protein it catalyzes the formation of ATP from ADP.

Enough H+ are moved by the electrons from NADH to create ~3 ATP molecules.

The FADH2 electrons enter later in the chain and are only worth ~2 ATP molecules.

Question 5

Few final steps of electron transportation

Answer 5

The electrons from NADH begin the ETC at a protein called NADH Dehydrogenase. They will end up at one called Cytochrome Oxidase.

• Oxygen is needed to take the electrons from this last protein. When oxygen gains the electrons it will end up attracting some free H+ and become H2O!

Question 6

Why do we call Oxygen the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?

Answer 6

The entire reason we need oxygen is for it to be the FINAL ELECTRON ACCEPTOR in the ETC. Without it, electrons simply back up through the proteins like cars at a red light, eventually stopping the process altogether.

Question 7

1)atp is produced in etc by

2) where are the proteins embedded

Answer 7

oxidative phosphorylation

inner membrane

Question 8

the movement of protons through the movement of electrons

Answer 8

Chemiosmosis: the biological process of moving ions (e.g. protons) to the other side of a biological membrane

• forms an electrochemical gradient, helps to drive atp synthesis

Question 9

oxidative phospohrylation in order

Answer 9

• nadh is produced from krebs
• nad+ is created (krebs)
• water is formed (etc)
• atp is created by atp synthase