ETHICS

Question 1

_____ originates from the Greek word ethos

Answer 1

Ethics

Question 2

While ______ comes from the Latin moralis

Answer 2

Morality

Question 3

Ethos means _____ or ______

Answer 3

Character or Custom

Question 4

Moralis means ______ or ______

Answer 4

Custom or Manners

Question 5

is the set of rules or principles that help people decide what is good or bad, right or wrong. They
guide real-life actions, like whether lying is wrong or helping others is good

Answer 5

Ethics

Question 6

Ethics are shaped by ______, ________, and ______

Answer 6

Values, beliefs, and culture

Question 7

is the broader field that explores where those ethical rules come from, why they exist,
and how they are justified

Answer 7

Moral Philosophy

Question 8

Ethics helps individuals cultivate INTEGRITY and ACCOUNTABILITY. When
people adhere to ethical standards, they build trust and respect within their relationships, resulting
in stronger connections.

Answer 8

Guiding Personal Behavior

Question 9

Ethical principles foster COOPERATION and UNDERSTANDING among people.
Societies that prioritize ethics are often more peaceful, as individuals are more likely to consider the
impact of their actions on others.

Answer 9

Promoting Social Harmony

Question 10

Engaging with ETHICAL QUESTIONS encourages individuals to consider
their values and beliefs. This reflection can lead to personal development and a deeper
understanding of oneself and others

Answer 10

Encouraging Critical Thinking

Question 11

Ethics is essential for developing LAWS and SOCIAL NORMS.
Ethical considerations shape policiesthat govern society, ensuring they promote justice and equality.

Answer 11

Influenced by Policy and Governance

Question 12

What are the 2 scopes of ethics?

Answer 12

Moral Reasoning and Moral Dilemma

Question 13

is the process of thinking about what is right and wrong. It helps us decide the best
action based on our values, beliefs, and principles.

Answer 13

Moral Reasoning

Question 14

is a situation where we must choose between two actions with both good and bad
aspects. The decision can be difficult, as both choices can feel right and wrong simultaneously.

Answer 14

Moral Dilemma

Question 15

Setting rules must be _____ for effectiveness

Answer 15

CLEAR

Question 16

Rules promote working together towards common goals, fostering teamwork and
community growth.

Answer 16

Cooperation

Question 17

Rules help maintain structure and predictability, reducing confusion and ensuring
society functions smoothly.

Answer 17

Law and Order

Question 18

Rules promote fairness by ensuring everyone follows the same guidelines and prevent
unequal treatment.

Answer 18

Equality

Question 19

Rules encourage individuals to take responsibility for their actions and their effects
on others.

Answer 19

Accountability

Question 20

Rules protect individual rights and freedom, ensuring respect for all members of
society.

Answer 20

Rights Protection

Question 21

What does CLEAR stand for?

Answer 21

C - cooperation
L - law and order
E - equality
A - accountability
R - rights protection

Question 22

When rules are broken, it can cause harm to individuals and groups. It leads to ______

Answer 22

RISK

Question 23

What does RISK stand for?

Answer 23

R - ruins trust
I - interferes with harmony
S - stalls progress
K - keeps consequences

Question 24

Breaking rules DAMAGES RELATIONSHIP and teamwork.

Answer 24

Ruins Trust

Question 25

Violating rules CREATES CONFLICT and disrupts peace within the group.

Answer 25

Interferes with Harmony

Question 26

Continued disregard for rules maintains CHAOS and INSTABILITY, hindering progress.

Answer 26

Stalls Progress

Question 27

Breaking rules leads to PUNISHMENTS or NEGATIVE OUTCOMES, reinforcing accountability.

Answer 27

Keeps Consequences

Question 28

What are the 3 Key Branches of Ethics?

Answer 28

Normative Ethics, Metaethics, and Applied Ethics

Question 29

focuses on establishing standards or norms for behavior. It seeks to answer the question: "What should I do?" or "What is the right thing to do?"

Answer 29

Normative Ethics

Question 30

explores the nature of ethical statements and judgments. It addresses questions such as: "What do we mean when we say something is right or wrong?" It asks if moral truths exist on their own (moral realism) or depend on personal feelings (ethical subjectivism)

Answer 30

Metaethics

Question 31

involves the practical application of ethical principles to specific issues or fields, such as business, medicine, and environmental concerns. It seeks to address real-world dilemmas by applying normative ethical theories to concrete situations.

Answer 31

Applied Ethics

Question 32

is the idea that the rightness or wrongness of actions depends on their outcomes or consequences. If an action leads to good results, it is considered the right action.

Answer 32

Consequentialism

Question 33

is a type of consequentialism, and it says that the right action is the one that brings the most happiness or benefit to most people.

Answer 33

Utilitarianism

Question 34

What are the 2 types of consequentialism?

Answer 34

Act Consequentialism and Rule Consequentialism

Question 36

This looks at each individual action and its outcomes. Each action is judged by how much happiness it creates.

Answer 36

Act Consequentialism

Question 37

This looks at whether following certain rules when generally applied, leads to the best outcomes in the long run. If following a rule helps society overall, it is considered the right rule.

Answer 37

Rule Consequentialism

Question 38

Founder of utilitarianism, said that actions are right if they bring happiness and wrong if they cause pain.

Answer 38

Jeremy Bentham

Question 39

A follower of Bentham, who said that some pleasures (like intellectual ones) are more valuable than others (like physical ones).

Answer 39

John Stuart Mill

Question 40

is the idea that some actions are right or wrong in themselves, no matter what the outcomes are. It focuses on duties and rules we must follow.

Answer 40

Deontology

Question 41

Deontologists believe we have moral duties (like telling the truth) that must be followed, regardless of the results.

Answer 41

Duty-Based Ethics

Question 42

This is a rule from philosopher Immanuel Kant that says you should act only in ways that you believe everyone should act. In other words, if you think it’s okay to do something, then everyone should be able to do it, too.

Answer 42

Categorical Imperative

Question 43

The most influential deontologist, he believed in the importance of reason and moral law. He argued that rational principles must guide moral actions and that individuals should always treat others as ends in themselves, not merely as means to an end.

Answer 43

Immanuel Kant

Question 44

focuses on the character of the moral agent rather than on rules or consequences. It emphasizes the importance of developing good character traits, or virtues, which enable individuals to live ethically.

Answer 44

Virtue Ethics

Question 45

Virtue ethics argues that ethical behavior comes from being a good person rather than following rules or evaluating consequences.

Answer 45

Character Over Action

Question 46

Aristotle, a key figure in virtue ethics, proposed the concept of this, which suggests that virtue lies between two extremes (excess and deficiency).

Answer 46

The Golden Mean

Question 47

Often regarded as the father of virtue ethics, he emphasized the importance of developing good character traits to achieve eudaimonia (human flourishing).

Answer 47

Aristotle

Question 48

is a fundamental concept in ethics and moral philosophy. It refers to the principle of fairness and the notion that individuals should be treated equally and with respect

Answer 48

Justice

Question 49

is essential to maintain social order and ensure that individuals have their rights recognized and protected. It promotes accountability, discourages wrongdoing, and promotes trust among members of society.

Answer 49

Justice

Question 50

What are the Main Types of Justice?

Answer 50

Distributive Justice, Retributive Justice, Restorative Justice, and Social Justice

Question 51

It focuses on the fair distribution of resources and benefits within society. It raises questions about who receives what and how wealth and opportunities should be allocated.

Answer 51

Distributive Justice

Question 52

It deals with punishment for wrongdoing. It emphasizes the idea that individuals who commit crimes should face consequences appropriate to their actions.

Answer 52

Retributive Justice

Question 53

Unlike retributive justice, restorative justice focuses on repairing the harm caused by criminal behavior. This approach involves the offender, the victim, and the community in a dialogue to determine how to make amends.

Answer 53

Restorative Justice

Question 54

emphasizes the need for equality and fair treatment for all individuals, particularly marginalized groups. It advocates for addressing systemic inequalities and ensuring that all individuals have access to basic rights and opportunities.

Answer 54

Social Justice

Question 55

are the basic rights and freedoms that belong to every person in the world, from birth until death. These rights protect individuals' dignity, equality, and freedom.

Answer 55

Human Rights

Question 56

The right to live and not be arbitrarily deprived of life

Answer 56

Right to Life

Question 57

The right to personal freedom, including freedom from arbitrary arrest or detention

Answer 57

Right to Liberty and Security

Question 58

All individuals should be treated equally and protected by law

Answer 58

Right to Equality Before the Law

Question 59

The right to express one’s opinions freely without retaliation

Answer 59

Freedom of Expression

Question 60

Protection from arbitrary interference with personal privacy, family, and home

Answer 60

Right to Privacy

Question 61

Access to education is a basic right for all individuals

Answer 61

Right to Education

Question 62

The right to gain employment and receive fair compensation for one's labor

Answer 62

Right to Work and Fair Wages

Question 63

The right to gather peacefully and form associations

Answer 63

Freedom of Assembly

Question 64

The right to take part in the political process, including voting and running for the office.

Answer 64

Right to Participate in Government

Question 65

The right to a public hearing, a fair and impartial trial, and legal representation if accused of a crime.

Answer 65

Right to a Fair Trial

Question 66

adopted by the United Nations in 1948, and various regional agreements and national constitutions. They are regarded as essential to ensuring the well-being, dignity, and freedom of individuals worldwide.

Answer 66

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)