SAM PRELIM

Question 1

(or program) is a series of related instructions that tells the computer what task(s) to do and
how to perform them

Answer 1

Software

Question 2

consists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of the
computer and its devices

Answer 2

System Software

Question 3

is a set of programs that coordinates all the activities among
computer hardware devices

Answer 3

Operating System

Question 4

allows a user to perform maintenance-type tasks usually related to
managing a computer, its devices, or its programs.

Answer 4

Utility program

Question 5

consists of programs designed to makes users more productive and/or
assist them with personal tasks.

Answer 5

Application Software

Question 6

3 Factors to be Considered Before Installing Software

Answer 6

Necessity, Requirements, and Support

Question 7

is a program used to install, update, upgrade, or remove software

Answer 7

Package Manager

Question 8

Three (3)
commonly used package managers in Linux are:

Answer 8

rpm, yum, and apt

Question 9

(Red Hat Package Manager) can install software from an RPM file

Answer 9

rpm

Question 10

is a front-end tool for rpm so that a user has a minimal
amount to issue when trying to install RPM files

Answer 10

yum (Yellowdog Updater Modifier)

Question 11

is a command-line packager tool for Debian Linux

Answer 11

apt (Advanced Packaging Tool)

Question 12

The syntax for installing an rpm file is

Answer 12

rpm [option] file(s)

Question 13

are software libraries required to complete the installation of a given piece of
software

Answer 13

Package Dependencies

Question 14

The yum instruction has three (3) parts:

Answer 14

Command, Package Name, Option

Question 15

command in yum includes:

Answer 15

install, update, remove, list

Question 16

is the sum of all programs which are required to operate a computer. It is also
used to control and monitor application programs.

Answer 16

Operating System

Question 17

has been originally written in the programming
language C, and it is mainly used for scientific-technical applications on mainframes and workstations

Answer 17

UNIX

Question 18

is a family of UNIX-like open-source operating systems developed by Linus Torvalds.

Answer 18

Linux

Question 19

who developed Linux

Answer 19

Linus Torvalds

Question 20

is a collection of software on top
of a Linux kernel.

Answer 20

Linux distribution (distro)

Question 21

are interfaces to the operating system, the kernel of the host.

Answer 21

Shells

Question 22

what are the two types of shells (linux environment)

Answer 22

GUI (Graphical User Interface) and CLI (Command Line Interface)

Question 23

is a graphical representation in which the users can interact with
software or devices through graphical icons.

Answer 23

GUI (Graphical User Interface)

Question 24

is a console or text-based representation in which the user types
the commands to operate the software or devices.

Answer 24

CLI (Command Line Interface)

Question 25

what are the linux desktop environments (GUI)

Answer 25

GNOME, KDE, XFCE, CINNAMON

Question 26

was once the most popular Linux desktop environment and was used by default on Ubuntu, Fedora, Debian, and most other big Linux distributions (GUI)

Answer 26

GNOME

Question 27

has always been more complex than GNOME, packing in many more configuration options and features (GUI)

Answer 27

KDE

Question 28

is a more lightweight desktop environment, very similar to GNOME. This option is ideal if you want a more traditional desktop environment without full-screen application launchers (GUI)

Answer 28

xfce

Question 29

was developed for Linux Mint in which it is based on GNOME. It uses up-to-date libraries and other software — but it takes that software and tries to create a more traditional-looking desktop with it

Answer 29

CINNAMON

Question 30

displays user manual of any command on the terminal

Answer 30

man (Manual)

Question 31

determines the type of a file.

Answer 31

file (filetype)

Question 32

displays short descriptions of program

Answer 32

whatis

Question 33

locates files and pages of a command

Answer 33

whereis

Question 34

displays the current user

Answer 34

whoami

Question 35

displays the list of files and directory

Answer 35

ls (list)

Question 36

displays the contents of the working directory recursively showing sub-directories and files, and a summary of the total number of sub-directories and files

Answer 36

tree

Question 37

displays parent working directory

Answer 37

pwd (Parent Working Directory)

Question 38

changes the current directory

Answer 38

cd (change directory)

Question 39

creates directory

Answer 39

mkdir (makes directory)

Question 40

removes directory

Answer 40

rmdir (remove directory)

Question 41

copies a file to a specified location

Answer 41

cp (copy file)

Question 42

moves a file to a specified location

Answer 42

mv (move file)

Question 43

removes a file.

Answer 43

rm

Question 44

what are the 3 basic types of files

Answer 44

ordinary files, directories, special files

Question 45

is a file on the system that contains data, text, or program instructions.

Answer 45

ordinary files

Question 46

store both special and ordinary files. For users familiar with Windowsor Mac OS, Unix directories are equivalent to folders.

Answer 46

directories

Question 47

provide access to hardware such as hard drives, CD-ROM drives, modems, and Ethernet adapters.

Answer 47

special files

Question 48

refers to the root directory

Answer 48

/

Question 49

is the directory that contains binaries, that is, some of the applications and programs you can run.

Answer 49

/bin

Question 50

directory contains files required for starting your system.

Answer 50

/boot

Question 51

contains device files. Many of these are generated at boot time or even on the fly

Answer 51

/dev

Question 52

is the dumping ground for system files administrators were not sure where else to put.

Answer 52

/etc.

Question 53

is where you will find your users’ personal directories

Answer 53

/home

Question 54

is where libraries live. Libraries are files containing code that your applications can use

Answer 54

/lib