Everything Plants

Question 1

Photosynthesis

Answer 1

The process of plants using light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen

Question 2

Word equation for photosynthesis

Answer 2

6CO2 + 6H20 -> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 3

Factors affecting photosynthesis

Answer 3

Light intensity
Carbon dioxide levels
Temperature
Chloroplast concentration

Question 4

Where does photosynthesis occur

Answer 4

In the chloroplasts where chlorophyll absorbs light energy

Question 5

Root hair cell function what makes it specialised

Answer 5

Absorbs water and mineral ions, has a large surface area for absorption

Question 6

Xylem cell function and what makes it specialised

Answer 6

Carrys water and mineral ions up the plant, is made of hollow tubes and dead cells

Question 7

Phloem cell functions and what makes them specialised

Answer 7

Transport sugars (dissolved) in both directions (translocation), has sieve plates in its tube and companion cells, made of elongated cells

Question 8

What do companion cells do?

Answer 8

Control and provide energy for the transport of sugars (translocation)

Question 9

Epidermal tissue

Answer 9

Protective outer layer, transparent to let light through to the palisade mesophyll

Question 10

Palisade mesophyll

Answer 10

Contains most chloroplasts (where most photosynthesis happens)

Question 11

Spongy mesophyll

Answer 11

Has air spaces for gass diffusion of carbon dioxide and oxygen

Question 12

Meristem tissue

Answer 12

Where growth happens, found at root and shoot tips

Question 13

Waxy cuticle

Answer 13

Outer layer, reduces water loss

Question 14

Guard cells

Answer 14

Opens and closes stomata

Question 15

Stomata

Answer 15

Pores that are controlled by guard cells that regulate gas exchange and water loss

Question 16

Vascular bundle

Answer 16

Xylem and phloem

Question 17

Inverse square law

Answer 17

1 / distance²

Question 18

Magnesium ion deficiency

Answer 18

Stunted growth and yellow leaves (chlorosis)

Question 19

Nitrate ion deficiency

Answer 19

Stunted growth

Question 20

Factors affecting transpiration

Answer 20

Humidity
Temperature
Wind
Light intensity

Question 21

Vacuole?

Answer 21

Filled with cell sap, provides support to the cell

Question 22

Cell wall

Answer 22

Made of cellulose, provides structure to cell

Question 23

Cell membrane

Answer 23

Regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell

Question 24

Nucleus

Answer 24

Contains genetic material and controls cells activities

Question 25

Cytoplasm

Answer 25

Gel-like substance where chemical reactions occur

Question 26

Mitochondria

Answer 26

Where respiration takes place

Question 27

Ribosomes

Answer 27

Where protein synthesis takes place

Question 28

Chloroplasts

Answer 28

Where photosynthesis takes place, it contains chlorophyll which absorbs light energy

Question 29

Where are stem cells found in plants

Answer 29

Meristem tissue

Question 30

Translocation

Answer 30

The movement of sugars up and down the phloem to the plants structures

Question 31

Uses of glucose in plants

Answer 31

Cellular respiration Making startch Making amino acids Making oils and fats Making cellulose

Question 32

What is the use and properties of starch in a plant

Answer 32

Compact (fits more in a cell) Insoluble, won't draw water into the cell via osmosis Breaks down into glucose when photosynthesis isn't happening, e.g. night/winter

Question 33

What is the xylem strenghtened by

Answer 33

Lignin

Question 34

Does light intensity increase or decrease the rate of transpiration and what does it cause to happen to the plant?

Answer 34

Increases the rate of transpiration, more photosynthesis happens, and more stomata open to let in more carbon dioxide

Question 35

Does temperature increase or decrease the rate of transpiration and what does it cause to happen to the plant?

Answer 35

Increases the rate of transpiration, the more water evaporates out of the stomata

Question 36

Does increased air flow increase or decrease the rate of transpiration and what does it cause to happen to the plant?

Answer 36

Increases the rate of transpiration, concentration gradient is kept high

Question 37

Does more humid air increase or decrease the rate of transpiration and what does it cause to happen to the plant?

Answer 37

Decreases the rate of transpiration as there is lots of water particles in the air, decreasing the concentration gradient in the plant, resulting in less overall evaporation