EXAM

Question 1

what is stare decsis

Answer 1

letting a court precedent stand

Question 2

explain the iron triangle

Answer 2

committees in the House and Senate, federal departments and agencies (interest groups), and think tanks and interest groups all work together to develop and conserve their own power, and expand their political influence

Congress - bureaucracy -intrestgroups

Question 3

Candidate centered campaigns

Answer 3

weakened parties because people were more focused on the candidate rather than the party

Question 4

social contract vs. popular sovereignty

Question 5

kenysian vs. suppy-side econmics

Answer 5

K: increase gov spending
S: cut taxes to situmlate the economy

Question 6

horse race media coverage

Answer 6

political journalism of elections that resembles coverage of horse races because of the focus on polling data, public perception instead of candidate policy, and almost exclusive reporting on candidate differences rather than similarities.

Question 7

roles of representation

Answer 7

• Trustee: votes based on prior knowledge/judgement, not always what their people want
• Delegate: vote for what their people want, even if it goes against their better judgement
• Politico: can act as both trustee and delegate, and they vote based off of varying factors

Question 8

how does a bill become a law

Answer 8

1. Introduced
2. Committee
3. Voted
4. Sign

Question 9

how to poll accurately

Answer 9

you must have a large random sample (abt 1500) with a sampling error. The poll should be reflective of the population

Question 10

how to amend the Constitution

Answer 10

Proposed: 2/3 from both houses or 2/3 national convention
Ratified: 3/4 state legislators OR 3/4 state convention

Question 11

10 bill of rights

Question 12

types of voting behavior

Answer 12

• retrospective: voting based on how the candidate (incumbent) did in the past
• rational choice: voting based the individual wants
• party-line: voting solely based on party
• prospective: based on how they think the candidate will do in the future

Question 13

due process

Question 14

types of grants

Answer 14

• Block grants: money given to the states to be spent broadly :)
• unfunded mandate: mandate that states must follow without funding help >:(
• Categorical grants: money made to be spent on a specific thing :/
• Revenue sharing: basically free money; no strings attached :))

Question 15

oversight explained

Answer 15

ability of congress to monitor, review, and supervise government agencies.

Question 16

advise and consent explained

Answer 16

The role of the Senate to confirm presidential nominations for executive and judicial posts and international treaties

Question 17

Committees in congress

Answer 17

• Conference: comprises when the House and Senate passes different versions of a bill
• standing: permeant committee
• select: temporary committee, disbanded once job is done
• joint : includes both people from House of Rep and Senate

Question 18

Pendleton Civil Service Act

Question 19

Fed 10

Answer 19

a large republic will help control factions because when more representatives are elected, there will be a greater number of opinions. Therefore, it is far less likely that there will be one majority oppressing the rest of the people.

Competition - large diverse republic

Question 20

Brutus 1

Answer 20

an Antifederalist series of essays designed to encourage New Yorkers to reject the proposed Constitution

Question 21

Declaration of Independence

Answer 21

• breakup letter
• “We hold these truths to be self-evident….”

Question 22

Articles of Confederation

Answer 22

• Confederation of states, with an extremely limited central government.
• limitations placed upon the central government rendered it ineffective at governing the continually growing American states

Question 23

US Constitution

Answer 23

The Constitution emerged from the debate about the weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation as a blueprint for limited government.
* “we the people”

Question 24

Fed 51

Answer 24

checks and balances

Question 25

Fed 70

Answer 25

single, energetic executive

Question 26

Fed 78

Answer 26

The design of the judicial branch protects the Supreme Court’s independence as a branch of government, and the emergence and use of judicial review remains a powerful judicial practice. | insulated, weakl

Question 27

Letter from a Birmingham Jail

Answer 27

The Fourteenth Amendment’s equal protection clause as well as other constitutional provisions have often been used to support the advancement of equality | It is up to the oppressed to take charge and demand equality (peace)

Question 28

third party districts

Answer 28

* people think their vote is wasted * single-member districts