Ideal _____ occurs when all body segments are aligned neutrally and the line of gravity passes through all joint axes.
posture
Good posture allows ___ and ___ to function optimally.
joints, muscles
Point at which gravity acts:
Center of Gravity (COG)
Where is our mass located?
2nd sacral vertebrae
Area which the force of gravity is spread across:
Base of Support (BOS)
Concave curve of the spine:
Lordosis (cervical and lumbar)
Convex curve of the spine:
Kyphosis (thoracic and sacral)
Avoiding slouching, sitting with knees at a 90 degree angle & feet on the floor, and standing with body weight evenly distributed all help:
maintain the curves in your spine
The 7 Principles of lifting are:
- Position yourself close to the object
- Position your COG close to the object’s COG
- Increase your BOS
- Use the largest and strongest muscles (Quads)
- Avoid bending and twisting
- Push, pull, or slide (DON’T LIFT IF NOT NECESSARY)
- Know your limits!
What is a full squat with hips below the knees, feet parallel, and straddling the object?
Deep squat
What is a half squat with hips above the knees, feet parallel and remaining behind the object with a vertical trunk?
Power lift
Which lift includes knees fully extended or only slightly bent?
Straight leg lift
Which lift includes body weight shifted forward to one leg, with the weight-bearing leg flexed at the hip/knee, and the non-weight-bearing leg lifted into extension as a counterbalance?
Golfer’s lift/ one leg stance
Which lift includes kneeling on one knee with the hip/knee at 90 degrees, and the opposite foot flat on the floor?
Half kneel lift
Which lift includes squatting with feet staggered, initiated by the upper body partially lifting the object, and then the legs are used to raise the object.
Traditional lift
______ allows for patient comfortability, relieves pressure and prevents skin breakdown and contractures.
Positioning
Abnormal shortening of muscles are:
contractures
Pressure produces _____ and over time can lead to necrosis.
Ischemia
When doing a skin inspection, ____ reveals an area of pressure.
red skin
When doing a skin inspection, ____
reveals a severe dangerous pressure.
blanched skin
______ are localised areas of tissue necrosis that develops when soft tissue is compressed.
Pressure ulcers
Stage 1 pressure ulcer is:
nonblanchable erythema of intact skin ( ONLY REVERSIBLE STAGE )
Stage 2 pressure ulcer is:
Partial thickness skin loss of epidermis, dermis, or both, presenting as a shallow open ulcer with a red pink wound bed, without slough. (Looks like rug burn)
Stage 3 pressure ulcer is:
Full-thickness skin loss involving damage or necrosis of subcutaneous tissue that may extend down to, but not through, underlying fascia. (deep crater)
