Intro to PTA Exam 2 > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Anatomical position is:

A

Standing, looking forward, palms forward

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2
Q

The planes of motion are:

A

Transverse (Horizontal), Frontal (Coronal), and Saggital

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3
Q

The plane that divides the body into upper and lower halves and movement occurs parallel to the ground is:

A

Transverse (Horizontal) Plane

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4
Q

The plane that divides the body into front and back halves and movement occurs side to side is:

A

Frontal (Coronal) Plane

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5
Q

The plane that divides the body into right and left halves and movement occurs forward and backward is:

A

Saggital Plane

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6
Q

The axes of motion are:

A

Vertical, saggital, and frontal

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7
Q

The axis that runs through a joint top to bottom is:

A

Vertical axis

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8
Q

The axis that runs through a joint front to back is:

A

Saggital axis

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9
Q

The axis that runs through a joint side to side is:

A

Frontal axis

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10
Q

All motions that occur in transverse plane occur around which axis?

A

Vertical axis

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11
Q

All motions that occur in frontal plane occur around which axis?

A

Saggital axis

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12
Q

All motions that occur in the saggital plane occur around which axis?

A

Frontal axis

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13
Q

The motions are:

A

Abduction
Adduction
Flexion
Extension
Internal Rotation
External Rotation
Supination
Pronation
Dorsiflexion
Plantarflexion

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14
Q

Which type of exercise involves the client actively assisting by contracting the muscle?

A

Active exercise

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15
Q

Which type of exercise involves the client not assisting with no active contraction of the muscle?

A

Passive exercise

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16
Q

Movement of the joint through the entire available range of motion without assistance from the client is:

A

Passive ROM

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17
Q

Benefits of PROM are:

A

Maintain available range, prevent contractures, increase circulation to the joint, and enhance proprioception

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18
Q

Indications of PROM are:

A

Comatose, paralysed, severe pain with muscle contraction, and recovery from surgery

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19
Q

Contraindications of PROM are:

A

Movement of the joint increases symptoms or disrupts the healing process

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20
Q

When performing PROM, the therapist is to go through the entire ROM until the:

A

End feel

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21
Q

Movement of the joint through the entire available range of motion where the client’s muscle provides the force is:

A

Active ROM

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22
Q

Indications of AROM are:

A

Maintains ROM, maintains contractile endurance of the muscle, increases muscle and joint circulation, and increases cardiopulmonary function

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23
Q

Contraindications of AROM are:

A

Certain stages of cardiopulmonary dysfunction, unhealed or unprotected fractures, severe soft tissue trauma, and recent surgical sites

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24
Q

AROM can be:

A

gravity assisted, gravity neutral, or gravity resisted

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25
External force assisting the client to get through the entire range of motion, with the client helping is:
Active Assisted ROM
26
AAROM is used when:
the client is too weak to go through the entire range actively
27
A soft end feel is a:
soft tissue approximation ex. knee flexion
28
A firm end feel is a:
muscular or capsular stretch ex. hip flexion with knee straight
29
A hard end feel is:
bone on bone ex. elbow extension
30
An abnormal ___ end feel occurs before normal end of range and is due to edema
soft
31
An abnormal ___ end feel occurs before normal end of range and is due to increased muscle tone or muscular shortness
firm
32
An abnormal ___ end feel occurs before normal end of range and is due to a bony block like osteoarthritis
hard
33
An abnormal ___ end feel involves no real end feel because pain prevents you from going through the entire ROM
empty
34
PNF stands for:
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation
35
D1 UE Flexion
Shoulder- flexed, ADD, ER Elbow- flexed Forearm- supinated Wrist & fingers- flexed
36
D1 UE Extension
Shoulder- extended, ABD, IR Elbow- extended Forearm- pronated Wrist & fingers- extended
37
D2 UE Flexion
Shoulder- flexed, ABD, ER Elbow- extended Forearm- supinated Wrist & fingers- extended
38
D2 UE Extension
Shoulder- extended, ADD, IR Elbow- flexed Forearm- pronated Wrist & fingers- flexed
39
D1 LE Flexion
Hip- flexed, ADD, ER Knee- flexed Ankle- dorsiflexed
40
D1 LE Extension
Hip- extended, ABD, IR Knee- extended Ankle- plantarflexed
41
D2 LE Flexion
Hip- flexed, ABD, IR Knee- flexed Ankle- dorsiflexed
42
D2 LE Extension
Hip- extended, ADD, ER Knee- extended Ankle- plantarflexed
43
Who created SOAP documentation format?
Dr. Lawrence Weed
44
A POMR is:
Problem Oriented Medical Record
45
A note written by a PT after the first exam that includes the documents examination, evaluation, diagnosis, and prognosis including the POC is:
Initial Note
46
A note written periodically that reports results of re-exams and changes in prognosis and POC as needed is:
Progress/Interim Note
47
A note written when therapy ends and includes results of the final exam, goals achieved, summary of the treatment, and future needs is:
Discharge Note
48
The ___ section of a SOAP note contains Dx and any information taken directly from the medical chart including test results and physician's notes is:
Problem
49
The ___ section of a SOAP note contains information received from the patient or significant other including current condition, complaints, prior level of function, and lifestyle/home situation is:
Subjective
50
Past medical problems, response to past medical Rx, employment status, medications, and personal goals for therapy are all information included in:
Subjective
51
The ___ section of a SOAP note contains results of tests, measurements, and objective information
Objective
52
Treatment received, exercises, modalities, manual techniques, weight, reps, and all measurable, observable, and repeatable information is included in:
Objective
53
The ___ section of a SOAP note contains clinical decision making based on findings of the exam
Assessment
54
Inconsistancies among exam findings, justification for additional therapy, and need for possible future services all belong in:
Assessment
55
The ___ section of a SOAP note contain goals (Long term and short term), final outcome aimed for in therapy, and help plan Rx
Plan
56
Audience, behavior, condition, degree, and time span are all components for:
Long term goals
57
Steps towards achieving LTGs and impairments that affect ability to do functional activities are
Short term goals
58
Orientation, memory (long and short term), reasoning, and judgement are all components of
Cognition
59
Decreased ability to interpret written or verbal communication is
receptive aphasia
60
Decreased ability to communicate verbally or written is
expressive aphasia
61
Decreased ability to interpret and communicate written or verbally is
global aphasia
62
The ability to properly control and coordinate muscle groups together is
motor control
63
Tension maintained by muscles at rest is
tone
64
Low muscle tone is
hypotonic
65
High muscle tone is
hypertonic
66
Neural tissues that die because of disruption in blood flow is
cerebrovascular accident (stroke)
67
Vessels bursts causing a stroke is
hemorrhagic stroke
68
Blockage of vessels due to an embolism causing a stroke is
ischemic stroke
69
This neuromuscular condition is usually due to MVA, fall, or violence and is often very diffuse damage
Traumatic brain injury
70
This neuromuscular condition is usually due to MVA, fall, violence, or sports and is more likely found in men
Spinal cord injury
71
Patches of demyelination in the nervous system causing disruption of messages is
Multiple sclerosis
72
Which form of MS is the first episode lasting less than 24 hours and is likely to lead to other forms
Clinically isolated syndrome
73
Which form of MS contains periods when worse and better with not progression
Relapsing-remitting
74
Which form of MS contains slowly worsening symptoms with no remissions
Primary-progressive
75
Which form of MS starts as relapsing-remitting, but transitions to steady progression
Secondary progressive
76
A progressive disease commonly seen with advanced age, with an unknown cause, which causes a decrease in the neurotransmitter Dopamine
Parkinson's disease
77
Symptoms of Parkinson's disease are:
resting tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and akinesia
78
A rapidly progressive disorder causing a degeneration of motor cells is
ALS
79
All children 6-21 yrs regardless of disability are entitled to free and appropriate education is the
Education for All Handicapped Children Act
80
At 1 month old, a child should be able to
hold their head up briefly with no control
81
At 3 months old, a child should be able to
prone push-up
82
At 4 months old, a child should be able to
have good head control and roll stomach to back
83
At 5 months old, a child should be able to
prop up on extended elbows in prone
84
At 6 months old, a child should be able to
sit without support
85
At 8 months old, a child should be able to
crawl
86
At 10 months old, a child should be able to
pull into standing
87
At 11 months old, a child should be able to
cruise
88
At 12 months old, a child should be able to
walk with hands held
89
At 14-15 months old, a child should be able to
walk alone several steps
90
Inability of brain to control nerve and muscle activity is
Cerebral palsy
91
Cerebral palsy occurs
before, during, or just after birth
92
Inherited pulmonary disease with thick mucus and progressive lung damage is
Cystic fibrosis
93
Defect of the 21st chromosome Trisomy 21 is
Downs syndrome
94
Defective neural tube closure is
Spina bifida
95
Incomplete closure of the spinal column without cord protrusion is
Spina bifida occulta
96
A fluid filled sac visible is the lower back is
Meningocele
97
When the spinal cord does not completely form a tube and the cord protrudes from the opening with symptoms of muscle and sensory loss below the lesion as well as bowel and bladder loss
Myelomeningocele
98
Progressive muscle wasting that occurs around 3-5 yrs old and typically wheelchair dependant by 10-12 yrs old
Muscular dystrophy (Duchene's)
99
DVT
Deep Vein Thrombosis
100
FWB
Full-weight bearing
101
Fx
fracture
102
HA
headache
103
HTN
hypertension
104
MMT
manual muscle test
105
NPO
nothing by mouth
106
NWB
Non-weight bearing
107
ORIF
open reduction internal fixation
108
PWB
partial-weight bearing
109
WNL
within normal limits
Intro to PTA Exam 2
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