402 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

(103 cards)

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1
Q

Desmopressin Use

A

DI

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2
Q

Desmopressin AE

A

Fluid retention, seizures, hyponatremia

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3
Q

Desmopressin contradictions

A

vasopressin, CAD, poor peripheral circulation, nephritis, electrolyte imbalances, renal failure,

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4
Q

Desmopressin Interactions

A

other vasopressors and lithium decrease antidiuretic effect, diuretics decrease effect, carbamezapine and chlorpormaide increase diuretic effect

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5
Q

Vasopressin Use

A

Tx hemorrhagic shock/ vasodilatory shock
decreases HR/ output
smooth muscle constriction and raised BP
Decreases urine volume with water uptake (but more electorlytes in urine)

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6
Q

Vasopressin AE

A

increased BP, arrytmias, heart block, water intoxication, heart failure, kidney insufficency, N/V, diarrhea

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7
Q

Vasopressin Contradictions

A

hypersensitivity, vascular, kidney, cardiac disorders

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8
Q

Vasopressor Interactions

A

vasonconstrictors increase, vasodilators decrease
BP drugs less effective
NSAIDS

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9
Q

Propylthiouracil Use

A

TX hyperthyroidism, thyrotoxic crisis, suppression of thyroid hormone for thyroidectomy

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10
Q

Propylthiouracil AE

A

hypothyroidism, agranulocytosis, hepatotoxicity, aplastic anemia, rash, headache, vertigo, drowsiness

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11
Q

Propylthiouracil Contradictions and Precautions

A

hypersensitivity, immunosuppression, bone marrow depression, infection, liver dysfunction, pregnancy

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12
Q

Propylthiouracil Interactions

A

antieoplastcis causing bone marrow suppression, litium or potassium increases antithyroid effect, agranulocytosis with use of pheonthiazines

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13
Q

Radioactive Iodine Use

A

hyperthyroidism, thyroid cancer

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14
Q

Radiactive Iodine AE

A

hypothyroidism, bone marrow depression, radiation sickness

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15
Q

Radioactive Iodine Contradictions and Precautions

A

teratogenic, lactation, children before puberty

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16
Q

Radiactive Iodine Interactions

A

other antithyroid medications reduce uptake

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17
Q

Calcium Supplements Use

A

Hypocalcemia, gastric hyperacidity, clients at risk for deficiency (kids, pregnant, osteoporosis

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18
Q

Calcium Supplement AE

A

hypercalcemia, N/V, kidney stones

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19
Q

Calcium Supplements Contradictions and Precautions

A

Hypercalcemia, kidney stones, low phosphate levels, cardiac dysrhythmias, low gastric motility

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20
Q

Calcium Supplement Interactions

A

diuretics can cause hypercalcemia, can decrease absoprtion of other meds, glucocortocoids reduce absorption of calcium, dont take calcium with rhubarb, spinach, cereal

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21
Q

Potassium Use

A

Tx for hypokalemia, manage high BP, prevent kidney stones

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22
Q

Potassium AE

A

hyperkalemia, GI issues, chest pain, muscle weakness, arrhythmias, SOB, stomach pain

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23
Q

Potassium Contradictions

A

kidney disease, heart disease/failure, diabetes, adrenal insufficiency, dehydration

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24
Q

Potassium Interactions

A

Ace inhibitors, diuretics, ARBs, NSAIDs, cause hyperkalemia,

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25
Insulin Use
Diabetes
26
Insulin AE
hypoglycemia, allergy, injection site reaction
27
Insulin Contractions and Precautions
allergy older age, fever, stress, altered nutrition
28
Insulin Interactions
alcohol, beta blocks incrrease hypoglycemic effects, diuretics increase blood sugar, beta blockers mask hypoglycemia manifestations
29
Tamsulosin Use
Tx for BPH
30
Tamsulosin AE
headache, dizziness, hypotension, syncope, reduced ejaculate volume, ejaculation failure
31
Tamsulosin Contradictions and Precautions
female, use of ED meds renal problems, HX of syncope, Hypotension
32
Tamsulosin Interactions
Meds that lower BP, cimetidine can worsen hypotension, erythromycin increase levels of nonselectove alpha blockers
33
Phenylephrine Use
allergic rhinitis, sinuitis and common cold
34
Phenylephrine AE
CNS stimulation with oral agents, increased BP, tachycardia, palpitations, Rebound congestion, OD: increased HR/BP and palpitations
35
Phenylephrine Contradicitons and Precautions
chronic rhinitis, narrow angle glaucoma, uncontrolled heart disease/ dysrythmias CAD, HTN, older age
36
Phenylephrine Interactions
MAO inhibitors increase effects (3 weeks between use), Beta 2 adrengeric agonists increase hypertension
37
Epinephrine Use
cardiac dysfunction, anaphylaxis
38
Epinephrine AE
Chest pain, MI, arrythmias, tremors, seizures, cerebral hemorrhage, pulmonary edema, tissue necrosis, tachycardia and hypertensive crisis
39
Epinephrine Contradictions and Precautions
allergy cerebrovascular disorders, HTN
40
Epinephrine Interactions
MAOis, tricyclic antidepressants, sympathomimetics, alpha and beta drenergic blockers
41
Dobutamine Use
increases cardiac output in severe heart failure
42
Dobutamine AE
tachycardia, dysrthmias, angina pain
43
Dobutamine Contradictions
allergy, Vtach, dehydration, children younger than 2, idiopathic hypertrophic aoritic stenosis
44
Dobutamine Interactions
MAO inhibitors cause toxicity, anesthectis can cause dysrthmias, beta blockers decrease effect
45
Clonidine Use
Tx hypertension, severe pain relief, ADHD
46
Clonidine AE
CNS effect, drowsiness, dry mouth, rebound hypertensive crisis if immediately stopped
47
Clonidine Contradicitons and Precautions
anticoagulant therapy cardiac or cerebrovascular disorders, renal problems
48
Clonidine Interactions
CNS depressants increase CNS effects, MAOis decrease effect
49
Propanolol Use
TX hypertension, manages cardiac tachydysrthymias, prevents angina pain, TX for mortality after MI, for prophylaxis against migraine headaches
50
Propanolol AE
heart failure, bradycardia, CNS effetcs, peripheral areterial insufficecny, rebound excitation with abrupt stop of use in MI or CHD
51
Propanolol Contradicitons
bradycardia, pulmonary edema, mitral or aortic valve disease, cardiogenic shock, PAD, Asthma/ COPD
52
Propanolol Interactions
use with otehr antihypertensives increase risk for hypotension, antacids decrease absoprtion, digoxin increases bradycardia, Beta Blockers increae hypoglycemia, antimuscanric decrease effect
53
Bethanechol Use
Tx of urinary retention
54
Bethanechol AE
hypotension, bradycardia, bronchoconstriction, dizziness, excessive gastric acid and saliva
55
Bethanechol Contradicitons
hypotension, hyperthyroidsim, low cardiac output, asthma/COPD, gastric ulcrs, ileus, intesntinal surgery
56
Bethanechol Interactions
cholinesterase inhibitors increase risk of toxicity, mecamylamine worsens hyptonesion, atrpine and epinephrine interfere with use
57
Atropine Use
TX chest pain, bradycardia, SOB, bronchospasms, dry up resp tract secretions, inhibits PNS
58
Atropine AE
tachycarida, arrythmias, blurred vision, paradoxical bradycardia, hallucinations, decreased GI motility, a/vfib
59
Atropine Contradicitons
glaucoma, allergy, ileus, tachycardia, heart transplant patients
60
Albuterol Use
asthma, for bronchospasms
61
Albuterol AE
chest pain, palpitations, tremors, restlessness
62
Albuterol Contradicitons and precautions
allergy DM, hyperthyroidism, HTN, angina, tachycardia
63
Metropolol Use
TX hypertension, angina, decrease mortality after MI, dysrthmias, TX heart failure
64
Metroplol AE
bradycardia, heart failure (SOB, edema), rebound excitation (MI, angina)
65
Metroplol Contradicitons
bradycardia, first degree heart block, heart failure, cardiogenic shock, childern under 6,
66
Metroplol Interactions
use with other antihypertensives, antacids decrease absorption, digoxin increases brady cardia, beta blockers increase hypoglycemia, anticholinegric decrease beta blocker effects
67
Doxazosin Use
TX HTN, TX BPH
68
Doxazosin AE
hypotension, reflex tachycardia, headache, dizziness
69
Doxazosin Contradictions
allergy, hypotension, children
70
Doxazosin Interactions
Sidenafil increase hypotension, alchol increases hypotension, NSAID decrease use
71
Ipatropium Use
decreases respriatory secretions, relief of bronchoconstriction for COPD
72
Ipatropium AE
Dry mouth, increased ICP, urinary retetion
73
Ipatropium Contradicitons and precautions
allergy glaucoma, BPH, bladder neck obsturction
74
Ipatropium Interactions
Beta 2 adenergic agonists increase bronchodilation
75
Baclofen AE
N/V, dizziness, constipation, urinary retention, withdrawl manifestations (psychosis, fever, seizures)
75
Baclofen Use
relieve skeltal muscle spasm in spinal cord, MS, cerbral palsy
76
Baclofen Contradicitons and Precautions
use of MAOis, hypersensitivity older adults, children under 2, seizures, mental illness, stroke
77
Dantrolene Use
relaxes skeletal muscle spasms in spine, MS, cerbral palsy, stroke prevent and treat malignant hyperthermia
78
Dantrolene AE
muscle weakness, drowsniess, diarrhea, liver toxicity
79
Dantrolene Contraidictions and Precautions
liver disease cardiac disease, pulmonary disease, neuromusclar disorders, older than 35
80
Phenobarbital Use
Seizures, status epilepticus Insomnia EtOH withdrawal
81
Phenobarbital AE
Withdrawal, CNS depression, hypotension, bradycardia, syncope N/V, Toxic epidermic necrolysis, exfoliative dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, anxiety, insomnia, hallucinations Poor balance & coordination Toxicity (bradycardia, hypothermia, nausea, muscle weakness, polydipsia, oliguria, mydriasis, cognitive impairment, impaired coordination)
82
Phenobarbital Contradicitons
Barbiturate sensitivity, Latent porphyria, Liver impairment, Nephritic syndrome, History of addiction to sedative-hypnotic substances, EtOH use, Pregnancy
83
Phenobarbital Interactions
Phenobarbital indices CYP450  increases clearance of several drugs (estrogen, progesterone) Warfarin (monitor INR)
84
Methohexital Use
rapid induction of anesthesia
85
Methohexital AE
resp depression, cardiovascular toxicity (tachycardia, hypotension), suicide, abuse
86
Methohexital Contradicitons and Precautions
allergy hepatic/ renal disease
87
gabapentin Use
neuralgias & neuropathic pain partial seizures restless leg syndrome
88
Gabapentin AE
N/V/D, Ataxia, hyperkinesia (peds), tremor, Dizziness, drowsiness, amnesia, fatigue/weakness Nystagmus, diplopia Depression, neuropsychiatric reactions (peds), Impotence,Weight gain, Fever Severe: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, erythema multiforme, DRESS Anaphylaxis, angioedema Rhabdomyolysis SI & depression Withdrawal (seizures)
89
Gabapentin Contradicitons
History of allergy to gabapentin Do not administer if client is taking pregabalin Children under 3 years of age renal dysfunction, pregnancy
90
Gabapentin Interactions
CNS depressants Antacids reduce gabapentin efficacy (do not take within 2 hours of antacid medication) OK to take with valproate, lithium, and carbamazepine (antiepileptic medications)
91
Ketamine Use
Moderate sedation Anesthesia adjunct Off-label for: RSI, severe pain, treatment-resistant depression & SI, refractory status epilepticus
92
Ketamine AE
muscle spasms, hepatotoxicity, bradycardia, arythmias, resp depression, withdrawl, hallucinations
93
Ketamine Contradicitons
Allergy to ketamine, EtOH intoxication (potentially fatal), Conditions in which hypertension would be dangerous (such as AAA & MI), Schizophrenia
94
Ketamine Interactions
When combined with CNS depressants, may reduce profound sedation and CNS depression – can be fatal, Sympathomimetic medications may increase ketamine’s sympathomimetic effects
95
Phenytoin Use
tonic clonic seizues, partial seizures
96
Phenytoin AE
CNS effects, skin rash, gingival hyperplasia, withdrawl manifestations
97
Phenytoin Contradicitons
teratogenic, skin rash, bradycardia, heart block
98
Phenytoin Interactions
alchol changes levels, cns depressants increase sedative effect, decreases efficency of oral contraceptives, phenobarbital increases levels, diazepam increases levels
99
Valporic Acid Use
for all seizures, mania in boipolar, prevents migraines
100
Valporic Acid AE
bleeding, GI problems, skin rash, neural tube defects, hyperammonima, pancreatitis, liver toxicity
101
Valporic Acid Contradicitons
teratogenic, liver disorders, taking other anticonvulsants, thrombocytopenia, hyperammonima
102
Valporic Acid Interactions
increase blood levels of pheytoin and phenobarbital use with topiramate increases risk for hyperammonium
402
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