Exam 5

Question 1

Priority of Life:

Answer 1

1. innocent victims and hostages
2. police officers and first responders
3. subjects and suspects

Question 2

use of a lateral vascular neck restraint, carotid restraint or other actions that involves the placement of any part of a law enforcement officers’ body on or around a person’s neck in a manner that limits the person’s breathing or blood flow with the INTENT of or with the RESULT of causing bodily injury, unconsciousness, or death

Answer 2

chokehold

Question 3

physical force that can reasonably be expected to cause death or serious physical injury

Answer 3

deadly force

Question 4

proactive actions and approaches used by an officer to stabilize a law enforcement situation so that more time, options and resources are available to gain a person’s voluntary compliance and to reduce or eliminate the need to use force

Answer 4

de-escalation tactics

Question 5

the amount of physical effort, however slight, required by police to compel compliance by an unwilling individual

Answer 5

force

Question 6

any use of force other than that which is considered deadly force that involves physical effort to control, restrain, or over come the resistance of another

Answer 6

non-deadly force

Question 7

what is the objective of any tactical encounter

Answer 7

to gain control and safely resolve the situation

Question 8

no ____ is worth more than ____

Answer 8

no arrest, conviction, is worth more than a life

Question 9

name the six components to handcuffing

Answer 9

1. immobilization
2. control
3. handcuffing (double lock)
4. search
5. monitor
6. transport

Question 10

what is the control superiority principle

Answer 10

a recognized officer advantage, over a recognized subject disadvantage

Question 11

Hansen v Aper - 2013

Answer 11

outcome: you have the right to be free from excessively forceful handcuffing

Question 12

Aceto v Kachajian - 2000

Answer 12

outcome: you have to take injuries into account before handcuffing

Question 13

handcuffs can be placed in front of the suspect when:

Answer 13

when the injured person is:
1. non-threatening
2. non-flight risk
3. cooperating arrestee for minor crime
4. inform officers of injury

Question 14

why do we use force

Answer 14

to minimize unnecessary injury to both police and offenders. officers must effectively stop unlawful resistance as quickly as possible

Question 15

de-escalation is both a ____ and an _____

Answer 15

a tactic and an outcome

Question 16

you are allowed to use force to:

Answer 16

a. effect the lawful arrest or detention of a person
b. prevent the escape from custody
c. prevent imminent harm and the amount of force used is proportionate to the threat of imminent harm
d. defend against an individual who initiates force against an officer

Question 17

true or false: physically escorting or handcuffing an individual with minimal or no resistance does not constitute a use of force

Answer 17

true

Question 18

force must be _______ and ______

Answer 18

necessary and proportionate

Question 19

officers shall always provide ____ to individuals who are exhibiting signs or complaining of injury or illness

Answer 19

appropriate medical response

Question 20

if an officer is not _____, any force is _____

Answer 20

if an officer is not lawfully situated, any force is unlawful

Question 21

true or false: you are allowed to use force to protect property or prevent destruction of evidence

Answer 21

false

Question 22

can you use deadly force against a person who poses a danger to only themselves?

Answer 22

no

Question 23

when can you use deadly force?

Answer 23

when de-escalation tactics have been attempted and failed and:

a. the imminent harm poses an imminent danger of death or serious bodily injury to the officer or another person
b. the officer attempts as many de-escalation tactics that are feasible under the circumstances
c. the officer uses only the amount of force that is objectively reasonable

Question 24

true of false: a law enforcement officer shall not use a chokehold or other tactics that restrict or obstruct an individual’s breathing or oxygen or blood flow

Answer 24

true

Question 25

can you discharge your firearm into or at a moving vehicle

Answer 25

only if: a. person in the vehicle is threatening the officer or another person with deadly force by means other than the vehicle b. officers have no intentionally positioned themselves in such as way as to create a likelihood of being struck c. the officer is not firing strictly to disable the vehicle d. circumstances provide a high probability of stopping or striking the intended target

Question 26

what are the parts of the handcuffs?

Answer 26

1. single strand 2. double strand 3. rivot 4. lock housing 5. swivel 6. chain 7. key hole 8. double lock 9. single strand teeth

Question 27

the ___ makes the ____ effective

Answer 27

"why" "what"

Question 28

what are the parts of the totality triangle

Answer 28

perceived circumstances perceived subject actions reasonable officer responses

Question 29

graham v connor gave us the SIRF test. name the parts:

Answer 29

Severity of crime Immediate threat Resisting arrest Flight

Question 30

estate of hill v miracle findings determined that applying graham standard in this situation was ____

Answer 30

"equivalent to a baseball player entering the batter's box with two strikes already against him"

Question 31

what is the hill test

Answer 31

1. was the person experiencing a medical emergency that rendered him incapable of making a rational decision under the circumstances that posed an immediate threat of serious harm to himself or others 2. was some degree of force reasonably necessary to ameliorate the immediate threat 3. was the force used more than reasonably necessary under the circumstances

Question 32

after tennessee v garner, it was decided police may use deadly force to stop a fleeing felon from escaping if:

Answer 32

- suspect threatens the officer with a weapon OR - there is probable cause to believe suspect committed a crime involving - the infliction or threatened infliction of serious physical harm AND - deadly force is necessary to prevent escape AND - where feasible, some warning was given

Question 33

the use of force must be reasonable _____ force is applied

Answer 33

AT THE TIME

Question 34

define perceived circumstances:

Answer 34

reasonable officer perspective of the situation in reference to severity of crime

Question 35

define perceived subject actions:

Answer 35

subject actions as perceived by reasonable officer

Question 36

define reasonable officer response:

Answer 36

should be assess as to its reasonableness from the perspective of a reasonable officer on the scene, not with 20/20 hindsight

Question 37

define totality triangle:

Answer 37

three elements which must be considered in determining whether an application of force was objectively reasonable

Question 38

what is the duty to intervene

Answer 38

officers shall intervene to prevent the observed use of unnecessary or unreasonable force