UOF > Level 2 > Flashcards

Level 2 Flashcards

(77 cards)

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1
Q

Priority of Life:

A
  1. innocent victims and hostages
  2. police officers and first responders
  3. subjects and suspects
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2
Q

use of a lateral vascular neck restraint, carotid restraint or other actions that involves the placement of any part of a law enforcement officers’ body on or around a person’s neck in a manner that limits the person’s breathing or blood flow with the INTENT of or with the RESULT of causing bodily injury, unconsciousness, or death

A

chokehold

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3
Q

physical force that can reasonably be expected to cause death or serious physical injury

A

deadly force

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4
Q

proactive actions and approaches used by an officer to stabilize a law enforcement situation so that more time, options and resources are available to gain a person’s voluntary compliance and to reduce or eliminate the need to use force

A

de-escalation tactics

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5
Q

the amount of physical effort, however slight, required by police to compel compliance by an unwilling individual

A

force

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6
Q

any use of force other than that which is considered deadly force that involves physical effort to control, restrain, or over come the resistance of another

A

non-deadly force

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7
Q

what is the objective of any tactical encounter

A

to gain control and safely resolve the situation

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8
Q

no ____ is worth more than ____

A

no arrest, conviction, is worth more than a life

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9
Q

name the six components to handcuffing

A
  1. immobilization
  2. control
  3. handcuffing (double lock)
  4. search
  5. monitor
  6. transport
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10
Q

what is the control superiority principle

A

a recognized officer advantage, over a recognized subject disadvantage

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11
Q

Hansen v Aper - 2013

A

outcome: you have the right to be free from excessively forceful handcuffing

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12
Q

Aceto v Kachajian - 2000

A

outcome: you have to take injuries into account before handcuffing

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13
Q

handcuffs can be placed in front of the suspect when:

A

when the injured person is:
1. non-threatening
2. non-flight risk
3. cooperating arrestee for minor crime
4. inform officers of injury

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14
Q

why do we use force

A

to minimize unnecessary injury to both police and offenders. officers must effectively stop unlawful resistance as quickly as possible

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15
Q

de-escalation is both a ____ and an _____

A

a tactic and an outcome

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16
Q

you are allowed to use force to:

A

a. effect the lawful arrest or detention of a person
b. prevent the escape from custody
c. prevent imminent harm and the amount of force used is proportionate to the threat of imminent harm
d. defend against an individual who initiates force against an officer

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17
Q

true or false: physically escorting or handcuffing an individual with minimal or no resistance does not constitute a use of force

A

true

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18
Q

force must be _______ and ______

A

necessary and proportionate

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19
Q

officers shall always provide ____ to individuals who are exhibiting signs or complaining of injury or illness

A

appropriate medical response

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20
Q

if an officer is not _____, any force is _____

A

if an officer is not lawfully situated, any force is unlawful

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21
Q

true or false: you are allowed to use force to protect property or prevent destruction of evidence

A

false

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22
Q

can you use deadly force against a person who poses a danger to only themselves?

A

no

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23
Q

when can you use deadly force?

A

when de-escalation tactics have been attempted and failed and:

a. the imminent harm poses an imminent danger of death or serious bodily injury to the officer or another person
b. the officer attempts as many de-escalation tactics that are feasible under the circumstances
c. the officer uses only the amount of force that is objectively reasonable

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24
Q

true of false: a law enforcement officer shall not use a chokehold or other tactics that restrict or obstruct an individual’s breathing or oxygen or blood flow

A

true

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25
can you discharge your firearm into or at a moving vehicle
only if: a. person in the vehicle is threatening the officer or another person with deadly force by means other than the vehicle b. officers have no intentionally positioned themselves in such as way as to create a likelihood of being struck c. the officer is not firing strictly to disable the vehicle d. circumstances provide a high probability of stopping or striking the intended target
26
what are the parts of the handcuffs?
1. single strand 2. double strand 3. rivot 4. lock housing 5. swivel 6. chain 7. key hole 8. double lock 9. single strand teeth
27
the ___ makes the ____ effective
"why" "what"
28
what are the parts of the totality triangle
perceived circumstances perceived subject actions reasonable officer responses
29
graham v connor gave us the SIRF test. name the parts:
Severity of crime Immediate threat Resisting arrest Flight
30
estate of hill v miracle findings determined that applying graham standard in this situation was ____
"equivalent to a baseball player entering the batter's box with two strikes already against him"
31
what is the hill test
1. was the person experiencing a medical emergency that rendered him incapable of making a rational decision under the circumstances that posed an immediate threat of serious harm to himself or others 2. was some degree of force reasonably necessary to ameliorate the immediate threat 3. was the force used more than reasonably necessary under the circumstances
32
after tennessee v garner, it was decided police may use deadly force to stop a fleeing felon from escaping if:
- suspect threatens the officer with a weapon OR - there is probable cause to believe suspect committed a crime involving - the infliction or threatened infliction of serious physical harm AND - deadly force is necessary to prevent escape AND - where feasible, some warning was given
33
the use of force must be reasonable _____ force is applied
AT THE TIME
34
define perceived circumstances:
reasonable officer perspective of the situation in reference to severity of crime
35
define perceived subject actions:
subject actions as perceived by reasonable officer
36
define reasonable officer response:
should be assess as to its reasonableness from the perspective of a reasonable officer on the scene, not with 20/20 hindsight
37
define totality triangle:
three elements which must be considered in determining whether an application of force was objectively reasonable
38
what is the duty to intervene
officers shall intervene to prevent the observed use of unnecessary or unreasonable force
39
what are the parts of the totality triangle
- perceived subject actions - perceived circumstances - reasonable officer response
40
occurring or accomplished without delay
immediate
41
likely to occur at any moment; impending
imminent
42
OODA loop is
a simple summary of how the brain processes information
43
parts of the OODA loop are:
- Observe - Orient - Decide - Act
44
subject actions can be categorized as:
- compliant - passive resistance - active resistance - aggressive/combative
45
define passive resistance
noncompliant with officer's command that is not violent, no immediate threat to public or officer
46
define active resistance
suspect's resistance becomes more active in scope and intensity
47
define aggressive/combative
officer's attempts to gain lawful control are countered by active aggression or combative behavior
48
if a subject's behavior falls under both passive and active resistance, go with:
passive resistance
49
name some calls where LEOs are more likely to be killed
- domestic violence calls - arrests - motor vehicle stops - mental health related calls - controlled substance related calls
50
what are the parts of the totality triangle
- perceived subject actions - perceived circumstances - reasonable officer response
51
occurring or accomplished without delay
immediate
52
likely to occur at any moment; impending
imminent
53
OODA loop is
a simple summary of how the brain processes information
54
parts of the OODA loop are:
- Observe - Orient - Decide - Act
55
subject actions can be categorized as:
- compliant - passive resistance - active resistance - aggressive/combative
56
define passive resistance
noncompliant with officer's command that is not violent, no immediate threat to public or officer
57
define active resistance
suspect's resistance becomes more active in scope and intensity
58
define aggressive/combative
officer's attempts to gain lawful control are countered by active aggression or combative behavior
59
if a subject's behavior falls under both passive and active resistance, go with:
passive resistance
60
name some calls where LEOs are more likely to be killed
- domestic violence calls - arrests - motor vehicle stops - mental health related calls - controlled substance related calls
61
what are the green baton strike locations
- shoulder - forearm - lower abdomen - thigh - shin - instep - shoulder blade - upper arm - inside of wrist - back of hand - buttock - calf - achilles tendon
62
what are the yellow baton strike locations
- collarbone - upper abdomen - rib cage - knee joint - elbow joint
63
what are the red baton strike locations
- temple - ears - bridge of nose - upper jaw - lower jaw - throat - eyes - solar plexus - groin - hollow behind ear - back of neck - spine - kidney - tail bone
64
an officer can use OC when:
- an officer or other person is being attacked (self defense) - an officer is met with physical active resistance during an encounter
65
when using force, you should have at least ___ officers
2
66
officers should be aware of using OC that there is an increased potential for serious injury when:
- subject is less than 2 feet away - subject is in an enclosed area without ventilation - subject lacks normal reflexes such as ability to blink or is otherwise incapacitated
67
after using OC, officers must
help the subject decon by hosing them with water and providing them with verbal instructions to guide them. CALL EMS
68
when you use force, you must write and fill out:
- 1.1 incident report - form 26 - use of force tracking form
69
the different types of OC delivery methods are:
- stream (6-12 ft) - fog (over 20 ft) - cone (4-10 ft) - foam (less than 4 ft)
70
OC can be ___ or ___ based. BPD uses ____ based OC
water or oil based BPD uses water based
71
what is the difference between water based and oil based OC
water: - 10% concentration - lower SHU - is easier to wash off - lasts less oil: - 5% concentration - higher SHU - lasts longer
72
according to city ordinance, you cannot use OC when: UNLESS:
- there are more than 10 people gathered UNLESS: - deputy superintendent or higher is PHYSICALLY PRESENT and witnesses the issue - deputy superintendent gives 2 warnings, 2 minutes apart, followed by another 2 minute warning
73
you cannot discharge tear gas or other kinetic impact device unless:
- de-escalation tactics have been attempted and failed or are not feasible based on totality of circumstances - measures used are necessary to prevent imminent harm and the foreseeable harm inflicted by the chemical weapon is proportionate to threat of imminent harm
74
the use of OC is determined by ____
totality of circumstances and officer perception
75
what is oleoresin and capsicum
oleoresin - mixture of resin and oils found in a natural state capsicum - refers to various pepper plants and seeds ranging from mild to hot
76
what are the physical effects of OC
- inflammatory agent - watering of eyes - runny nose - cough and gag - redness and burning
77
if after ____ the suspect is still in the same amount of pain, send them to the hospital
1 hour
UOF
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