EXTRA'S

Question 0

Pulmonary Disease

-S/S

Answer 0

1. Dyspnea
2. Orthopnea
   - Dyspnea when lying down
   - Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea

Question 1

Respiratory System

-Changes with aging

Answer 1

1. Decreased lung compliance

2. Increased risk for infection

Question 2

Respiratory System

-Orthopnea

Answer 2

1. Dyspnea that occurs when an individual lies flat and is common in individuals w/ HF

Question 3

Respiratory System

-Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea

Answer 3

1. Some of the individuals w/ pulmonary or cardiac disease awake at night gasping for air and have to sit or stand to relieve dyspnea

Question 4

Kussmaul Respirations (Hyperpnea)

Answer 4

Caused by strenuous exercise & Metabolic Acidosis

1. Characterized by a:
   - Slightly increased ventilatory rate
   - Very large tidal volume
   - No expiratory pause

Question 5

Cheyne-Stokes Respirations

Answer 5

1. Characterized by alternating periods of deep and shallow breathing
2. APnea lasting from 15-60 seconds is followed by ventilations that increase in volume until peak is reached

Question 6

Virchow Triad

Answer 6

3 Factors that promote venous thrombosis

1. Venous stasis
2. Venous endothelial damage
3. Hyper-coagulable states

Question 7

DVT

-Things that Cause Venous Stasis

Answer 7

1. Immobility

2. CHF

Question 8

DVT

-Things that Cause Venous Endothelial Damage

Answer 8

1. Trauma

2. IV meds

Question 9

DVT

-Things that cause hypercoagulable states

Answer 9

1. Inherited disorders
2. malignancy
3. Pregnancy & Use of Oral contraceptives
4. Hormone replacement

Question 10

Endothelium Book

Answer 10

Pg 570 Box 22-4 **