Perfusion I

Question 0

Pulsus Electrical Activity (PEA)

Answer 0

1. Pt has an electrical rhythm but the patient does not have a pulse.
2. There is a disassociation between the electrical and mechanical parts of the heart

Question 1

Treatment for Electrical Problems in the Heart

Answer 1

1. Pace Maker

Question 2

P wave

Answer 2

1. Indicative of atrial function (depolarization)

Question 3

QRS Wave

Answer 3

1. Indicative of ventricle function

2. Represents the sum of all ventricular muscle cell depolarizations

Question 4

PR Interval

Answer 4

1. Communication between atrium and ventricle

2. Measure of time from onset of atrial activation to onset of ventricular activation

Question 5

PR Interval

-What is represents

Answer 5

1. Represents time necessary for electrical activity to travel from SA node throught atrium, AV node, and His-purkinjee system to activate ventricular myocardial cells

Question 6

ST Interval

Answer 6

1. Entire ventricular myocardium is depolarized

Question 7

Cardiac Tamponade

Answer 7

1. Space between the heart sac (pericardial cavity) and the heart muscle fills with fluid

Question 8

Papillary Muscles

Answer 8

1. Connect heart valves to the wall

Question 9

Endocarditis

Answer 9

1. Bacteria has high affinity for the borders of the valves because there is not a lot of turbulence in the corners of the valves.
2. Bacteria can break off and cause micro-emboli’s that can cause strokes or necrosis to areas with fine capillaries

Question 10

Cardiac Block

Answer 10

1. Atrial and ventricles are not communicating to the PR Interval
2. Treated with Pace makers for all heart blocks

Question 11

Left Coronary Artery

Answer 11

1. Perfuses the Left Ventricle

Question 12

Transmural MI **

Answer 12

1. Causes an ST Elevation **

Question 13

Intramural MI

Answer 13

1. May have an ST depression

Question 14

Troponin

Answer 14

1. Intracellular Component of the cell
2. When there is cellular damage to cardiac muscle, the intracellular contents are spilled into blood.
3. Troponin in the blood shows that there has been cellular damage and death and troponin (an intracellular) will be released

Question 15

SA Node

Answer 15

1. Located in the junction between Right Atrium & SVC
2. Pace maker of the heart
3. 60-100 BPM
4. Innervated by both SNS and PNS nerve fibers

Question 18

Bachmann Bundle

Answer 18

1. Conducts the impulse from the SA node to the Left Atrium

Question 19

AV Node

Answer 19

1. Located in the right atrial wall above tricuspid valve
2. Receive info from SA node
3. 40-60 BPM
4. Interacts w/ parasympathetic ganglia -impulse slows through AV

Question 20

Bundle of HIS

Answer 20

1. Located in the posterior border of the inter-ventricular septum
2. Receives info from AV node

Question 21

Purkinjee Fibers

Answer 21

1. Terminal branches of the right and left bundle branches
2. Penetrate heart wall to the outer myocardium
3. Extensive network promotes the rapid spread of the impulse to ventricular apices

Question 26

Myocardium

Answer 26

1. Thickest layer of the heart wall and is composed of cardiac muscle.
2. Anchored to the heart’s fibrous skeleton

Question 27

Papillary Muscles

Answer 27

1. Extensions of the myocardium that pull the cusps together and downward at the onset of ventricular contraction
2. Prevent backward expulsion into the aorta

Question 28

Automaticity

Answer 28

1. Property of generating spontaneous depolarization to threshold
2. SA and AV nodes can generate cardiac action potentials w/out stimulus

Question 29

PNS & the Heart TEST

Answer 29

1. The parasympathetic Nervous system affects the heart through the vagus nerve
2. Releases acetylcholine and decreases HR
3. Slows conduction through AV node
4. Release of Acetylcholine causes coronary vasodilation

Question 30

Coronary Arteries | -Left Coronary Artery

Answer 30

1. Divides into 2 branches - Left anterior descending artery - Circumflex Artery

Question 31

Left Coronary Artery | -Left Anterior Descending

Answer 31

1. Delivers blood to portions of left and right ventricles

Question 32

Left Coronary Artery | -Circumflex Artery

Answer 32

1. Supplies blood to left atrium and lateral wall of left ventricle

Question 33

Right Coronary Artery | -conus

Answer 33

1. supplies blood to upper right ventricle

Question 34

Right Coronary Artery | -Right Marginal Branch

Answer 34

1. Supplies right ventricle to the apex

Question 35

Right Coronary Artery | -Posterior Descending Branch

Answer 35

1. Supplies smaller branches to both ventricles

Question 36

Posterior Inter-nodal Pathway

Answer 36

1. Connects the right and left atria and the SA node and AV node for conduction from the SA to the AV node