extra work 1.2b

Question 1

what are the muscular and connective tissue adaptations due to flexibility training

Answer 1

• increased elasticity - increase the potential for static and dynamic flexibility
• increased joint resting length - msucle spindles adapt to the increased length and reduce the stretch reflex stimulus

Question 2

what are the metabolic adaptations when VO2 max increases

Answer 2

• increased concentration of oxidative enzymes - increased metabolism of glycogen
• decreased fat mass - increase in lean mass with increase metabolic rate and breakdown triglycerides more readily
• increased insulin resistance - improved glucose tolerance

Question 3

what are the muscular and connective tissue adpatations when increased VO2 max

Answer 3

• increased SO muscle fibres - increased potential for aerobic energy production
• increased desnity and size of mitochondria - increased ability to utilisation oxygen
• increased stores of myoglobin - increased storage and transport of oxygen to the mitochondria
• increased strength of connective tissue/cartilage - increased joint stability to decrease risk of injruy
• increased stores of glycogen and triglycerides - increased availability of aerobic energy stores

Question 4

what are the cardiovascular adaptations when VO2 max increases

Answer 4

• cardiac hypertrophy - causes an increased maximum cardiac output and stroke volume, decreased resting HR
• increased elasticity of arterial wall - increased efficiency of vascular shunt (vasoconstriction and vasodilation)
• increased blood volume and red blood cell count - lower blood viscocity which aids venous return and oxygen carrying capacity
• increased capillarisation - increased gaseous exchange

Question 5

what are the respiratory adaptaions when VO2 max increases

Answer 5

• stronger respiratory muscles - increases efficiency of breathing mechanics
• increased surface area of alveoli - increase gaseous exchange

more oxygen diffused in the blood stream

Question 6

what are the metabolic adaptations due to strength training

Answer 6

• increased ATP, phosphocreatine and glycogen stores - increased capacity for rapid energy production
• increased buffer capacity - increased tolerance and removal of latic acid. delayed OBLA
• increased muscle mass

Question 7

what are the neural adaptations due to strength training

Answer 7

• increased recruitment of motor units - improved stimulation of motor neurones will increase contaction force
• decreased effect of the strecth reflex - increases the force produced against the agonist

Question 8

what are the muscle and connective tissues adaptations due to strength training

Answer 8

• muscle hypertrophy - increase size of muscle and force of contraction
• muscle hyperlasia - increased number of muscle fibres, especially FG and FOG
• increased tendons and ligament strength - increase joint stability