Eye

Question 1

Corneal epithelium

Answer 1

Stratified squamous non-keratinized (5-6 layers thick)

Question 2

Turnover time of corneal epithelium

Answer 2

7 days

Question 3

Germinal cells of corneal epithelium are located where?

Answer 3

Basal layer at limbus-cornea junction

Question 4

What is Bowmna’s membrane?

Answer 4

Basal lamina that support epithelium

Question 5

Thickest layer of cornea

Answer 5

Substantia propria (stroma)

Question 6

Tissue of corneal stroma

Answer 6

Dense regular CT → highly ordered collagen fibers

Question 7

Fibroblasts of substantia propria may be called?

Answer 7

Keratocytes

Question 8

Function of corneal endothelium

Answer 8

Keep stroma dehydrated

Question 9

Anterior surface of iris

Answer 9

Covered by fibroblasts and collagen fibers → no epithelium

Question 10

Posterior surface of irus

Answer 10

Pigmented myoepithelial cell lining

Question 11

Stromal layer of iris

Answer 11

1. Areolar CT
2. Melanin-containing cells
3. Blood vessels

Question 12

Anterior uvea

Answer 12

Ciliary body and iris

Question 13

2 types of mm. in iris

Answer 13

1. Pupillary sphincter m. (parasympathetic)

2. Pupillary dilator m. (sympathetic)

Question 14

Ciliary m. innervated by?

Answer 14

Parasympathetic

Question 15

What are corpora nigra?

Answer 15

Iris granules → those neat little pyramids in horse and ruminants!

Question 16

Flow of aqueous humor

Answer 16

1. Produced by ciliary processes
2. Posterior chamber
3. Pupil
4. Anterior chamber
5. Drained at filtration angle
6. Canal of Schlemm
7. Continuous with scleral vv.

Question 17

Ora serrata

Answer 17

Transition from optic to blind part of retina

Question 18

Functions of RPE

Answer 18

1. Phagocytic ability
2. Dehydrate retina
3. Create immune privilege space

Question 19

Rods contain a pigment called?

Answer 19

Rhodopsin

Question 20

Cones contain a pigment called?

Answer 20

Iodopsin

Question 21

Rhodopsin and iodopsin are?

Answer 21

Photoreceptor proteins

Question 22

What is Muller cell?

Answer 22

Neuron support cell in the retina

Question 23

Scotopic vision

Answer 23

Night vision → rods

Question 24

Photopic vision

Answer 24

Daylight → cones

Question 25

Rods or cones are more sensitive to intensity?

Answer 25

Rods > cones

Question 26

Rods or cones are more responsible for color?

Answer 26

Cones

Question 27

3 neuron system of the retina

Answer 27

1. Nuclei of rods and cones 2. Inner nuclear layer 3. Layer of ganglion cells

Question 28

Inner nuclear layer includes?

Answer 28

1. Bipolar cells 2. Horizontal cells 3. Amacrine cells

Question 29

What is the optic n. fiber layer?

Answer 29

Non-myelinated axons of ganglion cells

Question 30

Plexiform layers

Answer 30

Areas of synapse between neuronal cells (between nuclear layers)

Question 31

Fovea

Answer 31

Conical depression in retina where visual axis of cornea and lens meets retina → has least refractory distortion

Question 32

Macula lutea

Answer 32

Ovoid yellow area surrounding fovea

Question 33

What is at the retina?

Answer 33

1. Flattened inner layers 2. No blood vessels 3. Mainly cones

Question 34

Afferent fibers of optic n. are or are not myelinated

Answer 34

Not myelinated → does not obstruct light

Question 35

When does optic n. first have myelination?

Answer 35

Optic disc

Question 36

Dura matter is continuous with?

Answer 36

Sclera

Question 37

Pia-arachnoid is continuous with?

Answer 37

Uveal tract

Question 38

Main blood supply of retina

Answer 38

Central a. of retina (branch of ophthalmic a.)

Question 39

Lens epithelium is cuboidal and only present on what aspect of the lens?

Answer 39

Anterior

Question 40

Where does zonule attach?

Answer 40

Suture (where ends of lens fibers come together)

Question 41

Palpebral conjunctiva

Answer 41

Stratified columnar with goblet cells

Question 42

Tarsal gland

Answer 42

Large sebaceous glands → oily film covers tears

Question 43

Skeletal m. in the eyelids

Answer 43

Orbiularis oculi m.

Question 44

Lacrimal glands produce?

Answer 44

Tears (similar to plasma, contain lysozyme)

Question 45

What is cherry eye?

Answer 45

Prolapse of superficial gland of 3rd eyelid