F3. ANALYTICAL studies: Case-control.

Question 1

show that the probability of E is greater than in those with D+ than D-

Answer 1

Case-control studies.

Question 2

steps in CASE-CONTROL STUDY:

Answer 2

1. define & select cases.
2. definition & selection of controls.
3. ascertainment of exposure.
4. analysis.

Question 3

Define & select cases:

OBJECTIVE CRITERIA involves:
1. the selection of one diagnostic test.
2. requirement to be included in the study.

Answer 3

1. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA.
2. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA.

Question 4

Define & select cases:

a. sources:
b. types:
c. methods of selection.

Answer 4

a. sources:
- hospital: secondary.
- general population: primary.

b. types: incidence/ prevalance

c. methods of selection:
- random sampling.
- total enumeration.

Question 5

True or False:

Case-control study:
1. Control group is comparable to the source of population cases.
2. Controls are from the same source population as the case.

Answer 5

1. true
2. true

Question 6

Ascertainment of exposure:

1. from the dictionary.
2. how you used the value in the study?
   - sources are subjects or medical records.

Answer 6

1. CONTEXTUAL DEFINITION.
2. OPERATIONAL DEFINITION.

Question 7

Ascertainment of exposure: TRUE OR FALSE.

Case-control:
1. methods of data collection are different for the 2 groups.
2. reference point should be identified

Answer 7

1. FALSE… same methods of data collection for both groups.
2. TRUE.

Question 8

basis on which as individual should be considered exposed

Answer 8

REFERENCE POINT.

Question 9

true or false:

Case-control studies are efficient in RARE DISEASES, but inefficient in RARE EXPOSURE.

Answer 9

True. :)

Question 10

True or False:

Case-control studies:
1. suited for long latency diseases.
2. cannot examine multiple etiologic factors for a single disease.
3. are quick and inexpensive.
4. can generate DISEASE INCIDENCE.
5. can establish TEMPORAL SEQUENCE.
6. prone to bias.

Answer 10

1. TRUE.
2. FALSE. CAN examine pi.
3. TRUE.
4. FALSE. CANNOT.
5. FALSE. CANNOT. No temporality. No causality.
6. TRUE.