Facial

Question 1

What are the bones of the skull?

Answer 1

• Frontal Bone
• Parietal Bone
• Sphenoid Bone
• Temporal Bone
• Occipital Bone

Question 2

What is a Le Fort 1 Fracture?

Answer 2

• Fracture runs across the lower face including the hard palate and alveolus

Question 3

What is a Le Fort 2 Fracture?

Answer 3

• Pyramidal, extending variably upwards in the midline to involve the ehmoids.
• Associated with leak of CSF

Question 4

What is a Le Fort 3 Fracture?

Answer 4

• More transverse but uniformly higher hen Le Fort1.

- Separates the face from the skull.

Question 5

What other regions are force transferred to in a Zygoma fracture?

Answer 5

• Orbit and Zygomaticofrontal suture.

- May have subcut emphysema.

Question 6

What is the most fractured facial bone and how does it present?

Answer 6

• Nose fractures

- Will be depressed or displaced laterally

Question 7

What are S&S nasal fracture?

Answer 7

• Epitaxies
• Swelling
• Deformity

Question 8

What is the process of handling Pt’s teeth?

Answer 8

• Do not let the tooth dry out
• Do not handle the teeth roughly
• Store in fresh milk or saline – NOT TAP WATER

Question 9

What types of trauma are common with the ears?

Answer 9

• Lacerations and contusion

- Chemical and thermal burns

Question 10

What are the treatments of ear injuries?

Answer 10

• Direct pressure to control bleeding

- Cold compress to reduce swelling

Question 11

Why are blowout fractures seen?

Answer 11

• Because the eye is stronger than the bone.

Question 12

What is hyphaemia?

Answer 12

• The pooling of blood in the anterior eye

Question 13

List the signs and symptoms of the penetrating eye injury.

Answer 13

• Displacement of the pupil
• Prolapse of intraocular contents
• Evidence of intraocular foreign body or infection
• Reduced visual acuity
• Hyphaemia

Question 14

What occurs to the eye in an Alkali chemical burn?

Answer 14

• Alkali will react with the proteins in the eyes and cause destruction of the cells and softening of the tissue
• Will penetrate the cornea and anterior chamber faster

Question 15

What occurs to the eye in Acid chemical burns?

Answer 15

• Immediate and sever pain.

- Will see destruction of the surface – however, it will be rare to penetrate.

Question 16

What are the signs and symptoms of Arc eye?

Answer 16

• May affect both eyes
• Painful, weeping and red
• Sensation of a foreign body

Question 17

What are common causes of retinal haemorrhages?

Answer 17

• Hypertension
• Occluded retinal vein
• Diabetes
• Shaken baby syndrome