Trauma system

Question 1

What are the eight components of the Trauma System?

Answer 1

• Injury prevention
• Pre-hospital care including trauma triage guidelines
• Emergency Department care
• Inter-facility transport if required
• Definitive care
• Trauma critical care
• Rehabilitation
• Data collection and trauma registry

Question 2

What are the strategies to deliver the right patient to the right hospital by the fastest and safest means?

Answer 2

• Integration and coordination of all providers
• Designation of hospital to receive major trauma
• Concentration of expertise to trauma management
• Agreed triage and transport protocols

Question 3

What is the % less likely of death when a PT has been taken to a trauma services vs not?

Answer 3

• 25%

Question 4

What is your responsibility under SHERP and Major Trauma Services?

Answer 4

• To respond quickly and safely
• To follow ambulance guidelines
• To alert dispatch and other services.

Question 5

What is the ETHANE?

Answer 5

• E – Exact location: Melways ref / details
• T – type of incident: rail,road CBR
• H – Hazards: present and potential
• A – Access: direction of approach
• N – Number of casualties and their severity/type
• E – Emergency services: present and required

Question 6

What factors can delay or prevent positive outcomes in a traumatic arrest?

Answer 6

• No or delayed paramedics or advanced care, for example, MICA
• Prolonged scene time
• No scoop and run guideline when there is a clear need for it.
• Inadequate documentations or observations
• No or delayed airway management
• None or delayed IV access and fluid resuscitation
• None or delays chest decompression

Question 7

What is the definition of major trauma?

Answer 7

• Death after injury
• Admission to and ICU for more than 24 hours
  o That req mechanical ventilation
• Serious injury to 2+ body systems
• Injury severity (ISS) >15
• Urgent surgery for intracranial, intra-abdominal or intrathoracic injury or fixation of pelvic or spinal fractures.

Question 8

What is used to calculate the ISS

Answer 8

-	The Abbreviated injury Score (AIS)
o	1 – minor
o	2 – moderate
o	3 – serious
o	4- severe
o	5 – critical
o	6 – un-survivable

Question 9

What is the ISS scored between?

Answer 9

• 0 to 75

Question 10

What sections of the body are allocated and AIS score to achieve and ISS score?

Answer 10

• Head
• Face
• Chest
• Abdomen
• Extremity
• External

Question 11

What occurs if an injury is assigned an AIS of 6?

Answer 11

• It is determined un-survivable and given an ISS of an automatic 75.

Question 12

How do you obtain your total iSS Score?

Answer 12

• After each region of your AIS is assigned, you take the top 3
• These scores are then squared and added together to achieve your ISS.
• For example see below ↓