what are factors affecting population size called
limiting factors
what are the two types of limiting factors
-density dependent factors
-density independent factors
define density dependent factors
These depend on the size of the population
define density independent factors
These impact populations regardless of size
what are some limiting factors which affect populations genetic diversity
-genetic bottlenecks
-the founder effect
-gene flow
-mutations
-genetic drift
define a genetic bottleneck
a large reduction in a population which lasts for atleast one generation, the gene pool is greatly reduced
whats an advantage of a genetic bottleneck
it could cause a beneficial mutation to become more prevalent
define the founder effect
small populations split from larger populations, its an extreme example of genetic drift
define gene flow
the movement of alleles between populations, immigration and emigration cause changes of allele frequencies due to interbreeding
define mutations
random changes in the base sequence of DNA which can increase genetic diversity
define genetic drift
alleles are randomly passed on over time so their frequency varies, some completely disappear
