Fall_15_PALS

Question 1

What is the compression depth for infants?

Answer 1

1.5 inches (4 cm)

Question 2

What is the compression depth for children?

Answer 2

2 inches (5 cm)

Question 3

What is the CPR rate in pediatrics?

Answer 3

100–120/min

Question 4

Max interruption allowed during compressions?

Answer 4

<10 seconds

Question 5

How often do compressors switch?

Answer 5

Every 2 minutes

Question 6

What does EtCO2 <10 mmHg indicate?

Answer 6

Poor compressions

Question 7

1-rescuer ratio for pediatrics?

Answer 7

30:2

Question 8

2-rescuer ratio for pediatrics?

Answer 8

15:2

Question 9

Rescue breath duration?

Answer 9

1 second with chest rise

Question 10

Intubated breath rate?

Answer 10

1 breath every 2–3 sec

Question 11

Who gets pediatric AED pads?

Answer 11

≤8 years or ≤25 kg

Question 12

What if AED pads overlap?

Answer 12

Use AP placement

Question 13

Preferred defibrillator for infants?

Answer 13

Manual defibrillator

Question 14

First shock dose in children?

Answer 14

2 J/kg

Question 15

Second shock dose?

Answer 15

4 J/kg

Question 16

Max shock dose?

Answer 16

Up to 10 J/kg

Question 17

Most common pediatric arrest cause?

Answer 17

Hypoxia

Question 18

Ideal post-ROSC SpO2?

Answer 18

94–98%

Question 19

AVPU scale purpose?

Answer 19

Assess mental status

Question 20

Stridor suggests?

Answer 20

Upper airway obstruction

Question 21

Expiratory wheeze suggests?

Answer 21

Lower airway obstruction

Question 22

Crackles indicate?

Answer 22

Lung tissue disease

Question 23

Signs of resp failure?

Answer 23

Grunting, retractions

Question 24

Deteriorating breathing pattern?

Answer 24

RR slows after tachypnea

Question 25

First step for snoring respirations?

Answer 25

Reposition airway

Question 26

Treatment for asthma/bronchiolitis?

Answer 26

Bronchodilators

Question 27

Antibiotic timing in pneumonia?

Answer 27

Within 1 hour

Question 28

Most common cause of obstructive shock?

Answer 28

Tension pneumothorax

Question 29

First-line for hypovolemic shock?

Answer 29

20 mL/kg NS bolus

Question 30

First-line for septic shock?

Answer 30

Fluids + antibiotics

Question 31

Fluid bolus for cardiogenic shock?

Answer 31

10 mL/kg

Question 32

Infant hypotension threshold?

Answer 32

SBP <70 mmHg

Question 33

Neonate hypotension threshold?

Answer 33

SBP <60 mmHg

Question 34

Age 1–10 hypotension?

Answer 34

70 + (2×age)

Question 35

SVT threshold infants?

Answer 35

>220 bpm

Question 36

SVT threshold children?

Answer 36

>180 bpm

Question 37

First-line drug for bradycardia?

Answer 37

Epinephrine

Question 38

Epinephrine dose IV bradycardia?

Answer 38

0.01 mg/kg

Question 39

Atropine pediatric dose?

Answer 39

0.02 mg/kg

Question 40

Adenosine first dose?

Answer 40

0.1 mg/kg

Question 41

Adenosine second dose?

Answer 41

0.2 mg/kg

Question 42

Unstable SVT treatment?

Answer 42

Synchronized cardioversion

Question 43

Cardioversion dose?

Answer 43

0.5–2 J/kg

Question 44

Max cardioversion dose?

Answer 44

2 J/kg

Question 45

Lidocaine bolus dose?

Answer 45

1 mg/kg

Question 46

Amiodarone dose pulseless arrest?

Answer 46

5 mg/kg bolus

Question 47

Torsades magnesium dose?

Answer 47

25–50 mg/kg

Question 48

Hypoglycemia treatment?

Answer 48

D10 5–10 mL/kg

Question 49

CaCl10% dose?

Answer 49

20 mg/kg

Question 50

Glucagon use?

Answer 50

Beta-blocker overdose

Question 51

First action in bradycardia with poor perfusion?

Answer 51

Start CPR

Question 52

Definition of PEA?

Answer 52

Organized rhythm without pulse

Question 53

Most important step in PEA?

Answer 53

Correct H's and T's

Question 54

Tension pneumothorax sign?

Answer 54

Absent breath sounds on one side

Question 55

Treatment for tension pneumo?

Answer 55

Needle decompression

Question 56

Tamponade sign?

Answer 56

Muffled heart sounds

Question 57

Tamponade treatment?

Answer 57

Pericardiocentesis

Question 58

Hyperkalemia ECG sign?

Answer 58

Peaked T waves

Question 59

Hyperkalemia treatments?

Answer 59

CaCl, insulin+D50

Question 60

Hypokalemia ECG sign?

Answer 60

U waves

Question 61

Acidosis treatment?

Answer 61

Ventilation, bicarbonate if severe

Question 62

Hypothermia hallmark?

Answer 62

Core temp <35°C

Question 63

Post-ROSC PaCO2 target?

Answer 63

35–45 mmHg

Question 64

Post-ROSC BP target (1–10y)?

Answer 64

90 + (2×age)

Question 65

When to cool to 32–34°C?

Answer 65

Poor neuro exam after ROSC

Question 66

Duration of cooling phase?

Answer 66

48 hours

Question 67

When to maintain 36–37.5°C?

Answer 67

If neuro intact

Question 68

Common opioids reversal?

Answer 68

Naloxone

Question 69

Common benzodiazepines reversal?

Answer 69

Flumazenil

Question 70

Local anesthetic toxicity treatment?

Answer 70

Intralipid 20%

Question 71

Normal infant HR range?

Answer 71

100–180 awake

Question 72

Toddler RR range?

Answer 72

22–37

Question 73

Adolescent HR range?

Answer 73

60–100

Question 74

Primary assessment mnemonic?

Answer 74

ABCDE

Question 75

Secondary assessment mnemonic?

Answer 75

SAMPLE

Question 76

Upper airway obstruction common cause?

Answer 76

Croup

Question 77

Lower airway obstruction common cause?

Answer 77

Asthma

Question 78

Lung tissue disease examples?

Answer 78

Pneumonia, CF

Question 79

Disordered breathing causes?

Answer 79

Toxins, trauma, seizures

Question 80

Big Sick indicator?

Answer 80

Poor appearance or work of breathing

Question 81

Cyanosis types?

Answer 81

Central vs peripheral

Question 82

Common cause for cardiogenic shock?

Answer 82

CHD or myocarditis

Question 83

SVT treatment if stable?

Answer 83

Adenosine

Question 84

VT with pulse stable treatment?

Answer 84

Antiarrhythmics

Question 85

Pulseless VT/VF treatment?

Answer 85

CPR + shock + epi + amio

Question 86

Common cause of artifact on monitor?

Answer 86

60-cycle interference

Question 87

What to do after delivering shock?

Answer 87

Resume CPR immediately