Feedback

Question 1

Intrinsic feedback

Answer 1

Information from internal sources e.g. kinesthesis, Pole vaulter adjust during performance

• Feel of the movement as it is performed
• Detected by proprioceptors
• helps autonomous performers to correct movements

Question 2

Evaluate intrinsic feedback

Answer 2

Advantages:
- Good at autonomous stage
- helps the fluency of the skill
- more attentional space… time to focus on peripheral stimuli

Disadvantages:
- less effective at cognitive and associative stages
- hinder learning if overused
- demotivating at the cognitive and associative stages

Question 3

Extrinsic feedback

Answer 3

Information from an outside source e.g. coach tells the learn how to play a golf shot after the performance

• can be -tive or +tive
• used to support intrinsic feedback
• good at cognitive who have not developed the feel of the skill

Question 4

Evaluate extrinsic feedback

Answer 4

Advantages:
- good at cognitive and associative stage
- helps understand correct movement pattern
- can be a source of positive reinforcement

Disadvantages:
- too dependent on extrinsic… less effective in developing kinesthesis which is needed to reach autonomous stage
- if over used, effectiveness as +tive reinforcement is lessened.

Question 5

Positive feedback

Answer 5

Given by the coach when the movement is correct e.g. the teacher praising the correct passing technique in netball

• happens after someone has done the right thing
• can be intrinsic or extrinsic

Question 6

Negative feedback

Answer 6

Given by the coach when the movement is incorrect or could be improved e.g. when control of the ball is lost

• can be intrinsic or extrinsic
• reduces the chances of bad habits developing

Question 7

Evaluate positive feedback

Answer 7

Advantages:
- good at cognitive and associative stage
- gives confidence & motivation
- indicates which part of the skill has been performed correctly

Disadvantages:
- less effective at the autonomous stage when mistakes need to be identified
- loses impact if used too often
- ineffective if used too often

Question 8

Evaluate negative feedback

Answer 8

Advantages:
- good at autonomous stages
- can finely tune well learned skills
- motivating for performer at autonomous stage

Disadvantages:
- less effective at cognitive and associative stages
- can hinder learning if overused
- demotivating at C & A stages

Question 9

Knowledge of results

Answer 9

Information about the outcome or result of the movement. It is extrinsic e.g. a pass in hockey

• can be positive or negative
• useful at all levels of skill

Question 10

Knowledge of performance

Answer 10

Information about the quality of the movement. It can be extrinsic or intrinsic e.g. a vault

• to do with technique
• can be extrinsic or intrinsic
• informs performer if the skill is correct or incorrect

Question 11

Evaluate knowledge of results

Answer 11

Advantages:
- good at cognitive and associative stages
- allows correction after movement or outcome of the movement
- good for open skills because the result is the measure of success

Disadvantages:
- not as effective at autonomous stage
- corrections cant be made during performance
- not good in closed skills, technique often the measure of success

Question 12

Evaluate knowledge of performance

Answer 12

Advantages:
- good at autonomous stage when kinesthesis helps with technique
- allows for quick correction
- effective for closed skills, technique can be adjusted during performance

Disadvantages:
- less likely at cognitive stage
- gained through experience so may take a long time to develop… long process may be demotivating and many prevent some learners from reaching the autonomous stage