juxtaposition
placing contrasting ideas, settings, or characters side by side
Author’s Purpose: to highlight difference, conflict, or irony
repetition
Reuse of the same word, phrase, or idea for emphasis
Author’s Purpose: reinforce themes, emotions, or rhythms
parallelism
Using similar grammatical structure or patterns for effect
Author’s Purpose: to create rhythm, balance, or emphasize relationships
diction
Intentional word choice that shapes tone, meaning, and reader understanding
Author’s Purpose: establish tone, reveal character or setting
colloquialism
specific type of diction for informal or region
Author’s Purpose: to make characters sound realistic, establish setting, or reveal social class and culture
jargon
specialized language for a particular profession, group, or field
Author’s Purpose: to establish expertise or authority
allegory
story with qualities of a hidden meaning
allusion
a passing reference to a historical/fictional character, place, or event
